Čalušić Šarac Martina, Anić Milošević Sandra, Vražić Domagoj, Jakovac Marko
Osijek-Baranja County Health Center.
University of Zagreb, School of Dental Medicine, Department of Orthodontics.
Acta Stomatol Croat. 2022 Jun;56(2):162-168. doi: 10.15644/asc56/2/7.
To evaluate the perceptions of altered incisor gingival position among dental specialists, dentists, dental students, and laypeople.
Four digital smile photographs with altered gingival margin position of the right maxillary incisor (0, 1, 2, and 3 mm) were presented to a sample of 232 respondents (71.1% female; 28.9% male): 42 dental specialists, 63 dentists, 33 dental students (1 to 3 year), 38 dental students (4 to 6 year) and 56 laypeople. The questionnaire consisted of four randomly displayed photographs, administered via Google Form, and respondents were asked to rate the images on a scale from 1 to 5, from the least attractive to the most attractive. A statistical analysis was performed using the TIBCO Statistica program (v. 13.3. 0, TIBCO Software Inc., Palo Alto, CA, USA; 2017). According to the Shapiro- Wilk's test, the data were not distributed normally. The Kruskal-Wallis test with post hoc multiple comparisons with the Bonferroni adjustment were used to compare group esthetic scores and to determine the threshold levels of deviation at which each group was discriminated between esthetic and non-esthetic situations.
Median values of esthetic scores decreased in all groups as the gingival asymmetries increased. Dental professionals were significantly more critical of esthetics than laypeople in all levels of asymmetry. The greatest difference was found for 2 mm of gingival asymmetry (p=0.002).
From the results of our study, we can conclude that the perception of gingival asymmetries in the esthetic zone of smile differs among dental specialists, doctors, students, and laypeople. Dental specialists, doctors, and clinical students were more critical of these asymmetries, while preclinical students and laypeople noticed only 2 mm or more of gingival asymmetry of central incisors.
评估牙科专家、牙医、牙科学生和普通民众对上门牙牙龈位置改变的看法。
向232名受访者（71.1%为女性；28.9%为男性）展示四张右上颌中切牙牙龈边缘位置改变（0、1、2和3毫米）的数字化微笑照片，这些受访者包括42名牙科专家、63名牙医、33名一年级至三年级的牙科学生、38名四年级至六年级牙科学生以及56名普通民众。问卷由四张随机展示的照片组成，通过谷歌表单发放，要求受访者根据从最不吸引人到最吸引人的1至5分对照片进行评分。使用TIBCO Statistica程序（版本13.3.0，TIBCO软件公司，美国加利福尼亚州帕洛阿尔托；2017年）进行统计分析。根据夏皮罗-威尔克检验，数据分布不呈正态。采用带有Bonferroni校正的Kruskal-Wallis检验进行事后多重比较，以比较各组的美学评分，并确定在美学和非美学情况之间进行区分的每组偏差阈值水平。
随着牙龈不对称性增加，所有组的美学评分中位数均下降。在所有不对称水平上，牙科专业人员对美学的要求明显高于普通民众。牙龈不对称2毫米时差异最大（p = 0.002）。
从我们的研究结果可以得出结论，牙科专家、医生、学生和普通民众对微笑美学区域牙龈不对称的看法存在差异。牙科专家、医生和临床学生对这些不对称更为挑剔，而临床前学生和普通民众仅注意到中切牙牙龈不对称2毫米或更多。
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