Ishida Tadao
Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center.
Rinsho Ketsueki. 2022;63(6):635-645. doi: 10.11406/rinketsu.63.635.
Multiple myeloma (MM) is still one of the most difficult hematological diseases. It is distinguished by recurrent relapses despite successful treatment. Proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory imide drugs, and monoclonal antibodies have all been developed in the last 10 years as treatment options for MM. However, obtaining a long-term treatment-free period for relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) remains difficult. The most recent and intriguing research is on new BCMA-targeting therapies. CAR-T cell therapy, in particular, has shown promising results in the treatment for triple class refractory MM patients. BCMA CAR-T cell therapy is gaining attention as a potentially game-changing treatment for multiple myeloma. Fortunately, CAR-T cell therapy will be available in Japan in January 2022. However, numerous issues must be addressed. Many RRMM patients receive CAR-T cell therapy, for example, relapse, and progression-free survival are short. This section provides an overview of clinical study results for CAR-T cell therapy targeting BCMA, and the antibody-drug conjugate, bispecific antibodies, selinexor, and venetoclax.
多发性骨髓瘤（MM）仍然是最难治疗的血液系统疾病之一。其特点是即便治疗成功仍会复发。蛋白酶体抑制剂、免疫调节性酰亚胺药物和单克隆抗体在过去10年中均已研发出来作为MM的治疗选择。然而，对于复发难治性多发性骨髓瘤（RRMM）而言，要获得长期无治疗期仍然困难重重。最新且引人关注的研究是关于新型靶向BCMA的疗法。尤其是嵌合抗原受体T细胞（CAR-T）疗法，在治疗三重难治性MM患者方面已显示出有前景的结果。BCMA CAR-T细胞疗法作为一种可能改变多发性骨髓瘤治疗格局的疗法正受到关注。幸运的是，CAR-T细胞疗法将于2022年1月在日本上市。然而，仍有许多问题必须得到解决。例如，许多RRMM患者接受CAR-T细胞疗法后会复发，且无进展生存期较短。本节概述了针对BCMA的CAR-T细胞疗法以及抗体药物偶联物、双特异性抗体、塞利尼索和维奈克拉的临床研究结果。
