College of Medicine and Health Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
Centers for Disease Prevention & Control of Huangpi District of Wuhan, Wuhan 430300, China.
Int J Clin Pract. 2022 Jun 27;2022:8042915. doi: 10.1155/2022/8042915. eCollection 2022.
The aim of the study was to provide evidence for the prevention and reduction of falls in the elderly living in rural areas by analyzing epidemiological data of falls among the rural older people (>65 years old) and identifying the risk and protective factors.
This study analyzed the sociodemographic characteristics, living environment, lifestyle, chronic disease condition, mental health, activities of daily living (ADL), and detailed information of falls of 3752 rural elderly. Rank tests, chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression were used for data analysis.
The prevalence of falls was 30.0%, and the 75-84-years age group had the highest fall rate (18.8%). According to the binary logistic regression analysis, six variables, including roughage intake frequency, age, gender, cane use, floor tiles, and IADL, were involved in the fall patterns. Low roughage intake (OR = 2.48, 95% CI 1.24-4.97), female gender (OR = 2.12, 95% CI 1.48-3.05), the use of a cane (OR = 2.11, 95% CI 1.08-4.10), and medium IADL (OR = 2.02, 95% CI 1.89-2.32) were the top four risk factors.
The fall in the rural elderly was mainly due to the poor living and working conditions. Routine fall assessment could address several preventable risk factors to reduce the prevalence and mitigate the harm of falls.
通过分析农村老年人（>65 岁）跌倒的流行病学数据，识别风险和保护因素，为农村老年人跌倒的预防和减少提供证据。
本研究分析了 3752 名农村老年人的社会人口统计学特征、生活环境、生活方式、慢性病状况、心理健康、日常生活活动（ADL）及详细跌倒信息。采用秩和检验、卡方检验和二项逻辑回归进行数据分析。
跌倒的患病率为 30.0%，75-84 岁年龄组的跌倒率最高（18.8%）。根据二项逻辑回归分析，有 6 个变量，包括粗饲料摄入频率、年龄、性别、手杖使用、地砖和 IADL，与跌倒模式有关。粗饲料摄入低（OR=2.48，95%CI 1.24-4.97）、女性（OR=2.12，95%CI 1.48-3.05）、使用手杖（OR=2.11，95%CI 1.08-4.10）和中度 IADL（OR=2.02，95%CI 1.89-2.32）是前四个风险因素。
农村老年人跌倒主要是由于较差的生活和工作条件造成的。常规跌倒评估可以针对一些可预防的危险因素进行干预，以降低跌倒的发生率并减轻跌倒的危害。
