Erdinest Nir, Morad Yair, London Naomi, Shmueli Or, Lavy Itay
Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center.
Department of Ophthalmology, Yitzhak Shamir Medical Center.
Harefuah. 2022 Jul;161(7):448-453.
Presbyopia is the physiological, gradual, progressive loss of the ability to see clearly at near point which affects people as they age. It is primarily caused by the thickening and stiffening of the lens leading to an inability to adjust its shape to become convex enough to induce adequate plus power to see at short distances. Symptoms usually begin affecting individuals around 40 years of age, the most common being discomfort in or around the eyes after prolonged near work, blur at distance after near work, and eventually progressing to near blur, often with a natural tendency to distance the object by holding it farther away to try to see it better. At a certain point near tasks become impossible and the patient will seek an external solution. Various therapies are available and being developed to treat presbyopia, which include glasses, contact lenses, intraocular lens implants, corneal laser procedures, intracorneal implants, scleral alterations and pharmacological ocular drops. Untreated presbyopia negatively affects quality of life as well as the world productivity since presbyopia progresses from approximately an age when people are still an active part of the workforce. As the population and life expectancy grow, so will the number of presbyopes. This article will discuss the various options available to treat presbyopia.
老花眼是一种生理性的、逐渐进展的近视力清晰视觉能力丧失，随着年龄增长影响人们。它主要是由晶状体增厚和硬化导致无法调整其形状以变得足够凸出，从而无法产生足够的正度数来进行短距离视物。症状通常在40岁左右开始影响个体，最常见的是长时间近距离工作后眼睛内部或周围不适、近距离工作后看远处模糊，最终发展为看近处模糊，通常会自然地将物体拿远以试图看得更清楚。到了一定程度，近距离任务变得无法完成，患者会寻求外部解决方案。有多种治疗老花眼的方法可供使用和研发，包括眼镜、隐形眼镜、人工晶状体植入、角膜激光手术、角膜内植入、巩膜改变和药物眼药水。未经治疗的老花眼会对生活质量以及全球生产力产生负面影响，因为老花眼大约在人们仍积极参与劳动力的年龄阶段开始发展。随着人口和预期寿命的增长，老花眼患者的数量也会增加。本文将讨论治疗老花眼的各种可用选择。
