Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA.
Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol. 2024 Aug;68(10-11):1124-1144. doi: 10.1177/0306624X221110802. Epub 2022 Jul 14.
There is a long history of examining the connection between crime and delinquency and economic well-being and employment quality. Despite this vast literature, there still remains unanswered questions surrounding these associations, including whether the timing of adolescent delinquency is associated with adulthood economic disadvantage and job quality, whether different types of adolescent delinquency maintain differential associations with measures of economic disadvantage and employment quality in adulthood, and whether any associations between delinquency and economics/employment are invariant between males and females. The current study sought to address these issues by exploring the associations between adolescent involvement in nonviolent and violent delinquency (measured at two times in adolescence) and adulthood economic disadvantage and job quality. To do so, data drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health were analyzed. The results revealed consistently null associations between the measures of adolescent delinquency and economic disadvantage and job quality for males. For females, however, the results were consistently significant, indicating that females who self-reported greater involvement in delinquency were more likely to be economically disadvantaged as adults and to have lower quality jobs. These results indicate that the associations between delinquency and economic disadvantage and job benefits differs between males and females, with females, in comparison with males, paying a significantly greater toll for engaging in acts of violent and nonviolent delinquency.
犯罪和青少年犯罪与经济福利和就业质量之间的关系一直是研究的热点。尽管有大量的文献，但这些关联仍然存在一些未解决的问题，包括青少年犯罪的时间是否与成年后的经济劣势和工作质量有关，不同类型的青少年犯罪是否与成年后的经济劣势和工作质量的衡量标准保持不同的关联，以及犯罪与经济/就业之间的任何关联是否在男性和女性之间保持不变。本研究通过探讨青少年非暴力和暴力犯罪（在青少年时期两次测量）与成年后经济劣势和工作质量之间的关系，试图解决这些问题。为此，对来自全国青少年健康纵向研究的数据进行了分析。结果显示，青少年犯罪与经济劣势和工作质量之间的关系对男性来说始终为零。然而，对于女性，结果始终是显著的，这表明自我报告青少年犯罪参与度较高的女性成年后更有可能处于经济劣势地位，工作质量也较低。这些结果表明，犯罪与经济劣势和工作收益之间的关联在男性和女性之间存在差异，与男性相比，女性从事暴力和非暴力犯罪行为的代价要大得多。
