Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India.
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Analysis, Amrita School of Pharmacy, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India.
Med Oncol. 2022 Jul 14;39(10):147. doi: 10.1007/s12032-022-01744-6.
Lung cancer is the prime cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with a contribution of 85% from non-small cell lung cancer. Before a few decades back, conventional chemotherapy was the most chosen treatment option for NSCLC but with side effects. Now, the treatment approaches have shifted to a new trend, targeted therapy, and a better treatment strategy with minimal side effects compared to chemotherapy. Advances in technologies and understanding the pathways lead to the discovery of new targets and through which it is possible to improve treatment outcomes and patient compliance. Unlike chemotherapy, targeted therapy focuses on the tumor cells and does not produce toxicity to healthy cells. The last two decades were very crucial in the development of many small molecules with the capability to target-specific proteins or genes in the disease progression pathway. Although the targeted therapy approach was a gemstone with many successful drugs for the treatment of NSCLC, various resistance mechanisms and activation of bypass signaling pathways put many of these drugs in the trash. In this review, we will discuss the major targeted proteins involved in NSCLC as well as the inhibitor drugs developed to target them for now and along with the future directions.
肺癌是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因，其中非小细胞肺癌占 85%。在几十年前，传统化疗是 NSCLC 的首选治疗方法，但有副作用。现在，治疗方法已经转向新的趋势，即靶向治疗，与化疗相比，它具有更好的治疗策略和最小的副作用。技术的进步和对途径的理解导致了新靶点的发现，通过这些靶点，可以改善治疗效果和患者的依从性。与化疗不同，靶向治疗针对肿瘤细胞，不会对健康细胞产生毒性。在过去的二十年中，在开发许多具有靶向疾病进展途径中特定蛋白质或基因能力的小分子方面取得了重大进展。尽管靶向治疗方法是治疗 NSCLC 的许多成功药物的瑰宝，但各种耐药机制和旁路信号通路的激活使许多这些药物都被淘汰了。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论 NSCLC 中涉及的主要靶向蛋白以及为靶向这些蛋白而开发的抑制剂药物，以及现在和未来的方向。
