Kølbæk Pernille, Gil Yael, Schmidt Frida Cecilie Lassen, Speed Maria, Østergaard Søren Dinesen
Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital-Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.
Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital-Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.
Nord J Psychiatry. 2023 Apr;77(3):293-303. doi: 10.1080/08039488.2022.2099581. Epub 2022 Jul 14.
To examine changes in symptom severity and well-being during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic among individuals with pre-existing mental illness.
In February 2021, we conducted a follow-up questionnaire-based survey among adults with mental illness, who responded to a similar survey on mental health in June 2020. The participants completed the 18-item Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18), the five-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5), and 14 questions evaluating worsening or improvement in mental health using the pre-pandemic period as reference. The survey data were merged with sociodemographic and clinical data from the medical records of all invitees to the first survey, enabling analysis of attrition and weighting of the results.
A total of 613 of 992 (62%) invitees participated in the follow-up wave of the survey. The weighted mean WHO-5 and BSI-18 scores were 38 and 27, respectively, and did not differ statistically significantly from the first wave. Multivariate logistic regression showed that having a vocational education (skilled worker/craftsman) was positively associated with reporting deterioration in psychological well-being (OR: 2.95, 95%CI: 1.14-7.81), while being unemployed was negatively associated with reporting deterioration in psychological well-being (OR: 0.20, 95%CI: 0.07-0.56) from the first to the second survey wave. The most common reason for self-reported deterioration in mental health was loneliness (70%).
Approximately one year into the COVID-19 pandemic, the level of symptoms remained high, whereas the level of psychological well-being remained low among patients with mental illness.
研究2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间，已有精神疾病患者的症状严重程度和幸福感变化。
2021年2月，我们对患有精神疾病的成年人进行了一项基于问卷的随访调查，这些成年人曾在2020年6月对一项类似的心理健康调查做出回应。参与者完成了18项简明症状量表（BSI-18）、5项世界卫生组织幸福感指数（WHO-5），以及14个以疫情前时期为参照评估心理健康恶化或改善情况的问题。调查数据与首次调查所有受邀者病历中的社会人口统计学和临床数据合并，以便分析损耗情况并对结果进行加权。
992名受邀者中有613人（62%）参与了调查的随访阶段。加权后的WHO-5和BSI-18平均得分分别为38分和27分，与第一阶段相比，在统计学上无显著差异。多因素逻辑回归显示，接受职业教育（技术工人/工匠）与报告心理健康状况恶化呈正相关（比值比：2.95，95%置信区间：1.14 - 7.81），而失业与报告心理健康状况恶化呈负相关（比值比：0.20，95%置信区间：0.07 - 0.56），从第一次调查到第二次调查阶段皆是如此。自我报告心理健康恶化的最常见原因是孤独感（70%）。
在COVID-19大流行约一年后，精神疾病患者的症状水平仍然很高，而心理健康水平仍然很低。
