Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
J Environ Manage. 2022 Oct 1;319:115649. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115649. Epub 2022 Jul 11.
The main treatment unit in conventional systems for surface water is coagulation-flocculation (CF) process, which consumes huge quantities of coagulant, and produces large volume of sludge. The produced sludge is known as one of the components of water treatment sludge (WTS), which is considered as a global issue and hot topic require careful attention from the plant operators and sludge managers to be managed sustainably with applying an ecofriendly method. Among the suggested technologies, recovery and reuse of coagulants from WTS show the potential to decrease the waste disposal and chemicals usage for drinking water treatment significantly. So, this comprehensive review provides a useful insight into environmental and health problems of WTS, reports the sources, physicochemical properties of sludge, describes different sludge management methods by more focus on coagulant recovery (CR), which significantly point out the different aspects of WTS recovery and reuse, and eventually, economic evaluation of the CR process was also discussed. The results of this review confirm that coagulants can be recovered from WTS by different methods and also will be reused for multiple times in the removal of pollutants from water and wastewater. Moreover, the recovered coagulants can be used as building and construction materials, constructed wetlands substrate and other aims.
传统地表水净化系统的主要处理单元是混凝-絮凝（CF）工艺，该工艺消耗大量的混凝剂，并产生大量的污泥。所产生的污泥被认为是水处理污泥（WTS）的组成部分之一，这是一个全球性的问题，也是一个热点话题，需要引起操作人员和污泥管理人员的重视，以便采用环保的方法进行可持续管理。在提出的技术中，从 WTS 中回收和再利用混凝剂具有显著降低饮用水处理废物处置和化学品使用量的潜力。因此，本综述提供了对 WTS 的环境和健康问题的有用见解，报告了污泥的来源和物理化学性质，描述了不同的污泥管理方法，重点介绍了混凝剂回收（CR），这显著指出了 WTS 回收和再利用的不同方面，最终还讨论了 CR 工艺的经济评价。本综述的结果证实，混凝剂可以通过不同的方法从 WTS 中回收，并在去除水和废水中的污染物方面多次重复使用。此外，回收的混凝剂可用作建筑和建筑材料、人工湿地基质等。
