Müller Michaela, Denzer Ulrike W, Kreuser Nicole, Thieme René, Hoffmeister Albrecht, Feisthammel Juergen, Niebisch Stefan, Gockel Ines
Klinik und Poliklinik für Gastroenterologie, Endokrinologie, Stoffwechsel und klinische Infektiologie, Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg - Standort Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Klinik und Poliklinik für Viszeral-, Transplantations-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitatsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Z Gastroenterol. 2023 Mar;61(3):284-296. doi: 10.1055/a-1833-9366. Epub 2022 Jul 15.
Esophageal motility disorders are diseases in which there are malfunctions of the act of swallowing due to a change in neuromuscular structures. The main symptom is therefore dysphagia for solid and/or liquid foods, often accompanied by symptoms such as chest pain, regurgitation, heartburn, and weight loss. Esophageal manometry is the gold standard in diagnostics. Endoscopy and radiology serve to exclude inflammatory or malignant changes. With the introduction of high-resolution esophageal manometry (HRM), the diagnosis of esophageal motility disorders has improved and led to a new classification with the Chicago Classification, which has been modified several times in the last decade, most recently in 2021 with the Chicago Classification v4.0. Compared to the previous version 3.0, there are some important changes that are presented based on the most important esophageal motility disorders in everyday clinical practice.
食管动力障碍是一类由于神经肌肉结构改变导致吞咽动作出现故障的疾病。因此，主要症状是固体和/或液体食物吞咽困难，常伴有胸痛、反流、烧心和体重减轻等症状。食管测压是诊断的金标准。内镜检查和放射学检查用于排除炎症或恶性病变。随着高分辨率食管测压（HRM）的引入，食管动力障碍的诊断得到了改善，并产生了新的分类方法——芝加哥分类，在过去十年中该分类已多次修改，最近一次是在2021年的芝加哥分类v4.0。与之前的3.0版本相比，基于日常临床实践中最重要的食管动力障碍，出现了一些重要变化。
