State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Global Change and Water Cycle, State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
Joint International Research Laboratory of Global Change and Water Cycle, State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
Environ Pollut. 2022 Sep 15;309:119741. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119741. Epub 2022 Jul 12.
Aquaculture has significant impacts on freshwater lakes, but plankton communities, as key components of the microbial food web, are rarely considered when assessing the impacts of aquaculture. Revealing the dynamics of plankton communities, including bacterioplankton, phytoplankton and zooplankton, under anthropological disturbances is critical for predicting the freshwater ecosystem functioning in response to future environmental changes. In the present study, we examined the impacts of aquaculture on water quality, plankton diversity and the co-occurrence patterns within plankton metacommunities in a shallow freshwater lake. The study zones are influenced by the 20-year historical intensive aquaculture, but now they are undergoing either ecological aquaculture or ecological restoration. Our results showed that ecological aquaculture was more efficient in nitrogen removal than ecological restoration. Moreover, lower bacterioplankton diversity but higher phytoplankton and zooplankton diversity were found in the ecological aquaculture and ecological restoration zones compared to the control zone. The lower network connectivity of the plankton metacommunities in the ecological aquaculture and ecological restoration zones indicated the decreasing complexity of potential microbial food web, suggesting a possible lower resistance of the plankton metacommunities to future disturbance. Furthermore, plankton communities of different trophic levels were driven under distinct mechanisms. The bacterioplankton community was primarily affected by abiotic factors, whereas the phytoplankton and zooplankton communities were explained more by trophic interactions. These results revealed the impacts of aquaculture on the plankton communities and their potential interactions, thereby providing fundamental information for better understanding the impacts of aquaculture on freshwater ecosystem functioning.
水产养殖对淡水湖泊有重大影响，但浮游生物群落作为微生物食物网的关键组成部分，在评估水产养殖的影响时很少被考虑。揭示浮游生物群落（包括细菌浮游生物、浮游植物和浮游动物）的动态，对于预测淡水生态系统对未来环境变化的响应至关重要。在本研究中，我们研究了水产养殖对浅水淡水湖中水质、浮游生物多样性以及浮游生物元群落内协同发生模式的影响。研究区域受到 20 年历史的密集水产养殖的影响，但现在正在进行生态水产养殖或生态恢复。我们的结果表明，生态水产养殖在去除氮方面比生态恢复更有效。此外，与对照区相比，生态水产养殖区和生态恢复区的细菌浮游生物多样性较低，而浮游植物和浮游动物多样性较高。生态水产养殖区和生态恢复区的浮游生物元群落的网络连通性较低，表明潜在微生物食物网的复杂性降低，这可能意味着浮游生物元群落对未来干扰的抵抗力降低。此外，不同营养级别的浮游生物群落受到不同机制的驱动。细菌浮游生物群落主要受非生物因素的影响，而浮游植物和浮游动物群落则更多地受到营养相互作用的解释。这些结果揭示了水产养殖对浮游生物群落及其潜在相互作用的影响，从而为更好地理解水产养殖对淡水生态系统功能的影响提供了基础信息。
