MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Cetemares, 2520-620 Peniche, Portugal.
MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Cetemares, 2520-620 Peniche, Portugal; MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculty of Science, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal.
Food Res Int. 2022 Aug;158:111482. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111482. Epub 2022 Jun 18.
The most consumed fish species in Portugal do not correspond to the most caught fish species on the Portuguese coast. From the point of view of ocean sustainability and economics, it is important to study unexploited or underexploited fish species that have the potential to be introduced into the food market. This potential can be reflected by their nutritional value, where mineral elements are often overlooked despite their importance in human health. Therefore, it is important to study the elemental concentration of those fish species, which should also include seasonal variations of essential mineral elements such as Ca, P, Mg, Na, K, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, and I, and non-essential elements such as As, Ni, Cd, and Pb. This work is part of a project that studied five fish species with the potential to be brought to the market: three species with low commercial value (Trachurus picturatus, Spondyliosoma cantharus and Trigla lyra) and two species with no commercial value (Serranus cabrilla and Capros aper), caught over a year in the coast of Portugal. Mineral elements were quantified by ICP-OES (ICP-MS for I). The results showed that the studied fish species present significant elemental concentrations, similar to those found in the most caught fish species in Portugal. Trachurus picturatus was found to be a source of Fe, and all species are sources of I. Overall, Spondyliosoma cantharus proved to be the most element-rich species. Sensorially, Cu was related to "metallic odour" and Fe to "metallic flavour", and I was related to "seaweed odour" and "seawater flavour". Additionally, toxic elements such as Cd, Pb, Ni and As were not detected. The corresponding Hazard Quotients (HQ) show the safety of the consumption of these fish species concerning the content of potentially toxic elements.
葡萄牙消费最多的鱼类与在葡萄牙沿海捕捞最多的鱼类并不相符。从海洋可持续性和经济角度来看，研究未充分开发或开发不足、有潜力进入食品市场的鱼类非常重要。这些鱼类的潜在价值可以通过其营养价值来体现，尽管矿物质元素对人类健康很重要，但往往被忽视。因此，研究这些鱼类的元素浓度非常重要，其中还应包括 Ca、P、Mg、Na、K、Fe、Cu、Mn、Zn 和 I 等必需矿物质元素以及 As、Ni、Cd 和 Pb 等非必需元素的季节性变化。这项工作是一个旨在将 5 种具有潜在市场价值的鱼类推向市场的项目的一部分：其中 3 种商业价值较低（鲐鱼、无须鱚和蓝圆鲹），2 种无商业价值（金头鲷和赤点石斑鱼），在葡萄牙沿海捕捞了一年。通过 ICP-OES（ICP-MS 用于 I）定量分析了矿物质元素。结果表明，所研究的鱼类具有显著的元素浓度，与葡萄牙捕捞最多的鱼类相似。鲐鱼是铁的来源，所有鱼类都是碘的来源。总的来说，无须鱚是元素最丰富的物种。从感官角度来看，Cu 与“金属气味”有关，Fe 与“金属味道”有关，I 与“海藻气味”和“海水味道”有关。此外，未检测到 Cd、Pb、Ni 和 As 等有毒元素。相应的危害系数（HQ）表明，这些鱼类食用的安全性与其潜在有毒元素的含量有关。
