CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research (Ministry of Science and Technology, Govt. of India), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 828108, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India.
CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research (Ministry of Science and Technology, Govt. of India), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 828108, India.
Chemosphere. 2022 Nov;307(Pt 1):135710. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135710. Epub 2022 Jul 13.
Coal and coal-based products (by-products), along with other fossil fuels should be used with caution because of their impact on human health and the global climate. In the light of the environmental impact these fossil fuels cause, it's essential to understand the elemental configuration of coal-derived samples and their impact on the ecosystem. Some reports in past have described, geochemical and mineralogical physiognomies of fly-ash and their impact on the environment. However, a comprehensive investigation of various aspects of fly ash like geochemistry, mineralogy, morphology, and toxicological effects has been very sparse and the present study reports the above aspects. The ICP-OES studies confirm the presence of various elements (Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, Na, P, S, Si, and Ti) in the samples. The XRD analysis exposed the presence of minerals like Quartz, H-Hematite, Anatase, Muscovite, and Rutile, in addition to the various phases such as amorphous and crystalline in the fly-ash. Specific samples also possessed Ilmenite which is uncommon in many other samples. Chromium and lead, the well-known heavy metals to cause soil and water pollution in the neighbourhood were found to be existing in higher concentrations in the fly-ash samples, whereas cadmium was found to be the least among the toxic elements found in the samples. The samples were subjected to FE-SEM analysis, which reveals the presence of irregularly shaped minerals and unburnt carbon known to reduce the burning efficiency of coal, especially in power plants. Toxicology studies reported in the work suggested that fly-ash is toxic to the environment at higher concentrations than at lower concentrations.
煤炭和煤基产品（副产品）以及其他化石燃料的使用应谨慎，因为它们会对人类健康和全球气候造成影响。鉴于这些化石燃料对环境造成的影响，了解煤衍生样品的元素组成及其对生态系统的影响至关重要。过去的一些报告描述了粉煤灰的地球化学和矿物学特征及其对环境的影响。然而，对粉煤灰的各个方面，如地球化学、矿物学、形态和毒理学效应的全面调查非常稀疏，本研究报告了上述方面。ICP-OES 研究证实了样品中存在各种元素（Al、Ca、Fe、Mg、Na、P、S、Si 和 Ti）。XRD 分析表明，除了粉煤灰中的无定形和结晶相外，还存在石英、H-赤铁矿、锐钛矿、白云母和金红石等矿物。某些样品还含有钛铁矿，这在许多其他样品中并不常见。铬和铅是众所周知的重金属，会导致附近土壤和水污染，在粉煤灰样品中发现它们的浓度较高，而镉是在样品中发现的毒性元素中浓度最低的。对样品进行 FE-SEM 分析，结果表明存在不规则形状的矿物质和未燃烧的碳，这会降低煤炭的燃烧效率，尤其是在发电厂。该工作中的毒理学研究表明，粉煤灰在较高浓度下对环境是有毒的，而在较低浓度下则没有毒性。
