Department of Building, Civil, and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Department of Building, Civil, and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
J Hazard Mater. 2022 Oct 5;439:129579. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129579. Epub 2022 Jul 15.
Understanding the fate and behavior of spilled oil on the shoreline is crucial for helping decision-makers make trade-offs between natural attenuation and shoreline treatments. In this study, primary processes of oil attenuation and translocation on the shoreline, including penetration, washout, and biodegradation, have been considered to develop a numerical model, Shoreline Oil Spill Model (SOSM), for predicting the fate of spilled oil in various shoreline geological compartments. A holistic system design is employed to develop a user-friendly graphical interface system for SOSM. Global and local sensitivity analyses are used to examine the importance of the input factors on different outputs in SOSM. The results of the sensitivity analysis indicate that the input of oil spill mass correlates positively with the oil retention and surface and subsurface oil mass, while the oil concentration and penetration depth are sensitive to the grain size of the beach sediment. Subsequently, the SOSM is tested to hindcast the fate of stranded oil from the Exxon Valdez oil spill. Reasonable validation results have been obtained for the study site. It confirms the utility of the SOSM to examine and predict the level of shoreline oil contamination in the field following accidental spill events.
了解溢油在岸边的归宿和行为对于帮助决策者在自然衰减和岸边处理之间做出权衡至关重要。在本研究中，考虑了油在岸边衰减和迁移的主要过程，包括渗透、冲刷和生物降解，以开发一个数值模型，即岸边溢油模型（SOSM），用于预测溢油在各种岸边地质隔室中的归宿。采用整体系统设计为 SOSM 开发了一个用户友好的图形界面系统。全局和局部灵敏度分析用于检查 SOSM 中不同输出的输入因素的重要性。灵敏度分析的结果表明，溢油质量的输入与油的保留量以及表面和地下油质量呈正相关，而油浓度和渗透深度对海滩沉积物的粒径敏感。随后，使用 SOSM 对埃克森·瓦尔迪兹溢油事件中的搁浅油的归宿进行了回溯预测。研究地点得到了合理的验证结果。这证实了 SOSM 可用于检查和预测意外溢油事件后现场岸边油污染的程度。
