亚麻籽（Linum usitatissimum）补充对糖尿病前期和 2 型糖尿病患者血糖控制和胰岛素抵抗的影响：系统评价和随机对照试验的荟萃分析。

Effect of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) supplementation on glycemic control and insulin resistance in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

机构信息

Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences (IICB), University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, 950 Sierra Mojada, ZC 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico; Translational Nutritional Sciences, University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, 950 Sierra Mojada, ZC 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco México Guadalajara, Mexico.

Department of Public Health, University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS) University of Guadalajara, 950 Sierra Mojada, ZC 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.

出版信息

Complement Ther Med. 2022 Nov;70:102852. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2022.102852. Epub 2022 Jul 14.

DOI:10.1016/j.ctim.2022.102852

PMID:35843472

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Prediabetes and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) are characterized by increased blood sugar concentration and insulin resistance. Although there are only a few reports of potential benefits of flaxseed's consumption on different metabolic parameters, there is no evidence of its effect among people with these conditions.

OBJECTIVES

The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effect of flaxseed supplementation on glycemic control variables and insulin resistance in prediabetes and T2DM.

METHODS

A literature search was conducted through PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Web of Science, to identify Randomized Control Trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effect of milled or ground flaxseed supplementation on fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, insulin concentrations, or HOMA-IR. The data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software version 3.3 in a fixed-effect model.

RESULTS

Seven studies were included in the systematic review and the meta-analysis, the results showed a significant reduction on fasting blood sugar (SMD: -0.392, 95% CI: -0.596, -0.187, p = <0.001, I = 64.81%) insulin concentrations, (SMD: -0.287, 95% CI: -0.534, -0.041, p = 0.022, I = 32.53%), HbA1c (SMD: -0.442, 95% CI: -0.770, -0.114, p = 0.008, I = 11.058%), and HOMA-IR (SMD: -0.284, 95% CI: -0.530, -0.038, p = 0.024, I = 0.00%) after flaxseed supplementation.

CONCLUSIONS

Flaxseed supplementation seems to improve glycemic control variables and insulin resistance in prediabetes and T2DM; however, more RCTs are needed to have more decisive evidence about doses, method of supplementation, and the possible effect of synergy with the dietetic treatment.

摘要

背景

前驱糖尿病和 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）的特征是血糖浓度升高和胰岛素抵抗。尽管只有少数关于亚麻籽消费对不同代谢参数潜在益处的报告，但在这些人群中，没有关于其效果的证据。

目的

本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在评估亚麻籽补充剂对前驱糖尿病和 T2DM 患者血糖控制变量和胰岛素抵抗的影响。

方法

通过 PubMed、Cochrane 对照试验中心注册库（CENTRAL）和 Web of Science 进行文献检索，以确定评估磨碎或研磨亚麻籽补充剂对空腹血糖、HbA1c、胰岛素浓度或 HOMA-IR 的影响的随机对照试验（RCT）。使用 Comprehensive Meta-Analysis（CMA）软件版本 3.3 在固定效应模型中分析数据。

结果

系统评价和荟萃分析纳入了 7 项研究，结果显示空腹血糖显著降低（SMD：-0.392，95%CI：-0.596，-0.187，p<0.001，I=64.81%），胰岛素浓度（SMD：-0.287，95%CI：-0.534，-0.041，p=0.022，I=32.53%），HbA1c（SMD：-0.442，95%CI：-0.770，-0.114，p=0.008，I=11.058%）和 HOMA-IR（SMD：-0.284，95%CI：-0.530，-0.038，p=0.024，I=0.00%）。