Laboratory of Immunology, Program of Food and AgriLife Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan.
Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan.
Front Immunol. 2022 Jun 29;13:939378. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.939378. eCollection 2022.
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are typically known for their ability to respond rapidly to parasitic infections and play a pivotal role in the development of certain allergic disorders. ILC2s produce cytokines such as Interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-13 similar to the type 2 T helper (Th2) cells. Recent findings have highlighted that ILC2s, together with IL-33 and eosinophils, participate in a considerably broad range of physiological roles such as anti-tumor immunity, metabolic regulation, and vascular disorders. Therefore, the focus of the ILC2 study has been extended from conventional Th2 responses to these unexplored areas of research. However, disease outcomes accompanied by ILC2 activities are paradoxical mostly in tumor immunity requiring further investigations. Although various environmental factors that direct the development, activation, and localization of ILC2s have been studied, IL-33/ILC2/eosinophil axis is presumably central in a multitude of inflammatory conditions and has guided the research in ILC2 biology. With a particular focus on this axis, we discuss ILC2s across different diseases.
2 型固有淋巴细胞（ILC2）通常以其对寄生虫感染的快速反应能力而闻名，并在某些过敏性疾病的发展中发挥关键作用。ILC2 会产生细胞因子，如白细胞介素（IL）-5 和 IL-13，类似于 2 型辅助性 T 细胞（Th2）。最近的研究结果强调，ILC2 与 IL-33 和嗜酸性粒细胞一起，参与了广泛的生理作用，如抗肿瘤免疫、代谢调节和血管疾病。因此，ILC2 研究的重点已经从传统的 Th2 反应扩展到这些尚未探索的研究领域。然而，伴随 ILC2 活性的疾病结果在肿瘤免疫方面大多是矛盾的，这需要进一步的研究。虽然已经研究了各种指导 ILC2 发育、激活和定位的环境因素，但 IL-33/ILC2/嗜酸性粒细胞轴在多种炎症条件中可能是核心，并且指导了 ILC2 生物学的研究。我们特别关注这个轴，讨论了不同疾病中的 ILC2。
