Garcia Tejedor Aurora, Haros Claudia Monika, Laparra Llopis José Moisés
Bioactivity and Nutritional Immunology Group (BIOINUT), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Internacional de Valencia-VIU, Pintor Sorolla 21, 46002 Valencia, Spain.
Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain.
Foods. 2023 Sep 4;12(17):3321. doi: 10.3390/foods12173321.
This study explored the effects of 's ingredients on the major lipids' hepatic profile and the functional selective differentiation of monocyte-derived macrophages and innate lymphoid cells in mice on a high-fat diet. Six-week-old Rag2 and Rag2Il2 mice received (12 days) a low-molecular-weight protein fraction (LWPF) or the lipid fraction (qLF) obtained from the cold pressing of 's germen. At the end of the experiment, mouse serum and liver tissue were collected. The differences in triglycerides, phospholipids, and the major lipids profile were analyzed. Infiltrated monocyte-derived macrophages and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and the expression of liver metabolic stress-related mRNA were measured. In the Rag2 mice, feeding them LWPF appeared to improve, to a larger extent, their hepatic capacity to utilize fatty acids in comparison to the qLF by preventing the overwhelming of triglycerides (TGs), despite both reducing the hepatic lipid accumulation. An analysis of the hepatic major lipids profile revealed significant increased variations in the PUFAs and phospholipid composition in the Rag2 mice fed with the LWPF or LF. The Rag2Il2 mice, lacking innate and adaptive lymphocytes, seemed resistant to mobilizing hepatic TGs and unresponsive to lipid accumulation when fed with the LF. Notably, only the Rag2 mice fed with the LWPF showed an increased proportion of hepatic CD68+F4/80+ cells population, with a better controlled expression of the innate immune 'Toll-like' receptor (TLR)-4. These changes were associated with an oriented expansion of pluripotential CD117+ cells towards ILC2s (CD117+KLRG1+). Thus, 's ingredients resulted in being advantageous for improving the mechanisms for controlling the hepatic lipotoxicity derived from a high-fat diet, promoting liver macrophage and ILCs expansion to a selective functional differentiation for the control of HFD-driven immune and metabolic disturbances.
本研究探讨了[某物质]成分对高脂饮食小鼠主要脂质的肝脏谱以及单核细胞衍生巨噬细胞和固有淋巴细胞功能选择性分化的影响。六周龄的Rag2和Rag2Il2小鼠接受（12天）低分子量蛋白质组分（LWPF）或从[某物质]胚芽冷榨获得的脂质组分（qLF）。实验结束时，收集小鼠血清和肝脏组织。分析甘油三酯、磷脂和主要脂质谱的差异。测量浸润的单核细胞衍生巨噬细胞和固有淋巴细胞（ILCs）以及肝脏代谢应激相关mRNA的表达。在Rag2小鼠中，与qLF相比，喂食LWPF似乎在更大程度上提高了它们利用脂肪酸的肝脏能力，尽管两者都减少了肝脏脂质积累，但LWPF可防止甘油三酯（TGs）过量。对肝脏主要脂质谱的分析显示，喂食LWPF或LF的Rag2小鼠中多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）和磷脂组成的变化显著增加。缺乏固有和适应性淋巴细胞的Rag2Il2小鼠在喂食LF时似乎对动员肝脏TGs有抗性且对脂质积累无反应。值得注意的是，只有喂食LWPF的Rag2小鼠肝脏CD68 + F4/80 +细胞群体比例增加，固有免疫“Toll样”受体（TLR）-4的表达得到更好的控制。这些变化与多能CD117 +细胞向ILC2s（CD117 + KLRG1 +）的定向扩增有关。因此，[某物质]成分有利于改善控制高脂饮食引起的肝脏脂毒性的机制，促进肝脏巨噬细胞和ILCs扩增至选择性功能分化，以控制高脂饮食驱动的免疫和代谢紊乱。
