In-depth analysis of primary schools performance, financial strength and challenges in Bench-Sheko, Kafa and Sheka Zones, Ethiopia.

This study is aimed to look at the performance and challenges of public primary schools found in Bench-Sheko, Kafa, and Sheka Zones. National standards developed for Education Sector Development Program V (ESDP V, 2016-2020) was used to measure the schools' performance. Primary and secondary data are used to meet the research target. Performance reports of the schools of three consecutive years were thoroughly examined. Public primary schools found in the districts and town administration of the three zones were particularly selected for the purpose of the study. School principals, vice-principals, supervisors, district education bureau officers, and senior teachers were used as the subject of the study. Both quantitative and qualitative information was gathered and analysed. A X-test of independence model is used to see associations between variables. The finding of the study revealed that the schools were progressing well in access. However, there are variations of access rates from district to district and from school to school. The variations were determined by the commitment of the school leadership and the extent of community engagement in school matters. The study further identified the schools as inefficient which is manifested by increasing dropout and repetition rate. Demographic pressure, financial incapability, weak students' learning interest, poor school infrastructures, poor salary structure, and incentives to keep in and attract talented teachers to the schools were identified as major challenges affecting the performance. The researchers recommend to the policy makers and educational institution leaders to design inclusive policy and financial reform of primary schools with critical implementation and monitoring to come out of these vicious circles.