Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Brazil.
PeerJ. 2022 Jul 12;10:e13630. doi: 10.7717/peerj.13630. eCollection 2022.
The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) is an instrument for assessing physical performance widely used in research among the elderly in multiple settings. We did not find Brazilian longitudinal studies that aimed to analyze the predictive capacity and accuracy of the SPPB among community-dwelling older adults and no systematic reviews were found on the accuracy of the SPPB in predicting mortality in community- dwelling older adults. This study aimed to analyze the capacity and accuracy of the SPPB for predicting mortality in community-dwelling older adults, as well as to determine cut-off points for men and women.
Longitudinal observational study conducted with 411 (70.1 ± 7.25 years) community-dwelling older adults, between 2017 and 2020 (37.7 ± 6.24 months). Physical performance was evaluated using the SPPB and information on the all-cause mortality rate was also recorded. Multivariate Cox regression analyses and curves were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed, with the parameters of area under the ROC curve (AUC) to determine cutoff points for discriminating mortality, considering a significance level of 5% ( < 0.05) and 95% confidence interval (CI) 95%.
Older adults with very low and low physical performance in the SPPB, showed higher risks of mortality (HR = 9.67; 95% CI [1.20-77.65]; HR = 4.06; 95% CI [1.09-15.01]), respectively. In the subtest's analysis, older adults with low performance in the balance (HR = 0.54; 95% CI [0.36-0.81]) and gait speed tests (HR = 0.50; 95% CI [0.33-0.76]) showed greater risks of dying. The same was reproduced for categories in each test (participants that scored 2 points in the balance test had an HR = 5.86; 95% CI [1.84-18.61] and 2 points in the gait speed test, HR = 5.07; 95% CI [1.76-14.58]. The cutoff point ≤ 9 in the SPPB set the discriminator criterion for mortality in older people of both sexes.
The SPPB, as well as the balance and gait speed subtests were predictors of mortality, and the SPPB is accurate in predicting mortality among community-dwelling older adults.
简短体能表现电池（SPPB）是一种用于评估体能表现的工具，在多场所的老年人群体研究中广泛使用。我们没有发现巴西的纵向研究旨在分析社区居住的老年人中 SPPB 的预测能力和准确性，也没有发现关于 SPPB 预测社区居住的老年人死亡率的准确性的系统评价。本研究旨在分析 SPPB 对社区居住的老年人死亡率的预测能力和准确性，并确定男女的截断值。
这是一项纵向观察性研究，共纳入 411 名（70.1±7.25 岁）社区居住的老年人，研究期间为 2017 年至 2020 年（37.7±6.24 个月）。使用 SPPB 评估身体表现，并记录全因死亡率信息。使用 Kaplan-Meier 方法进行多变量 Cox 回归分析和曲线分析。构建接收者操作特征（ROC）曲线，使用 ROC 曲线下面积（AUC）参数确定截断值，以区分死亡率，考虑 5%的显著性水平（<0.05）和 95%置信区间（CI）95%。
SPPB 中体能表现非常低和低的老年人，死亡率风险更高（HR=9.67；95%CI[1.20-77.65]；HR=4.06；95%CI[1.09-15.01]）。在子测试分析中，平衡（HR=0.54；95%CI[0.36-0.81]）和步态速度测试（HR=0.50；95%CI[0.33-0.76]）表现不佳的老年人死亡风险更大。每个测试的类别也出现了相同的情况（平衡测试得 2 分的参与者 HR=5.86；95%CI[1.84-18.61]，步态速度测试得 2 分的参与者 HR=5.07；95%CI[1.76-14.58]）。SPPB≤9 的截断值为男女两性社区居住老年人的死亡预测提供了判别标准。
SPPB 以及平衡和步态速度子测试是死亡率的预测因素，SPPB 能准确预测社区居住的老年人的死亡率。
