Grandón-Ojeda Alexandra, Moreno Lucila, Garcés-Tapia Carolina, Figueroa-Sandoval Fernanda, Beltrán-Venegas Jazmín, Serrano-Reyes Josselyn, Bustamante-Garrido Bárbara, Lobos-Chávez Felipe, Espinoza-Rojas Hellen, Silva-de la Fuente María Carolina, Henríquez AnaLía, Landaeta-Aqueveque Carlos
School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
Front Vet Sci. 2022 Jun 28;9:929208. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.929208. eCollection 2022.
Few studies have assessed the patterns of parasite populations of rodents over a longitudinal gradient in Chile. In this work, the gastrointestinal helminthic fauna of invasive rodents in Chile was examined to assess the association between their presence/absence and abundance with latitude, host sex, and host body condition, and to assess the coexistence and correlation of the abundance between parasite species. Rodents were obtained from 20 localities between 33 and 43°S. Helminths were extracted from the gastrointestinal tract and identified morphologically. Overall, 13 helminth taxa were obtained. The most frequently identified parasite species was , and the most abundant was , while sp. was the most widely distributed. No locality presented with a coexistence that was different from that expected by chance, while the abundance of five helminthic species correlated with the abundance of another in at least one locality, most likely due to co-infection rather than interaction. Host sex was associated with parasite presence or abundance, and female sex-biased parasitism was notably observed in all cases. Body condition and latitude presented either a positive or negative association with the presence or abundance of parasites depending on the species. It is notable that the likely native sp. is widely distributed among invasive rodents. Further, gravid females were found, suggesting spillback of this species to the native fauna. The low frequency and abundance of highly zoonotic hymenolepid species suggest that rodents are of low concern regarding gastrointestinal zoonotic helminths.
很少有研究评估智利啮齿动物寄生虫种群在纵向梯度上的分布模式。在这项研究中，对智利入侵啮齿动物的胃肠道蠕虫动物群进行了检查，以评估它们的有无和丰度与纬度、宿主性别和宿主体况之间的关联，并评估寄生虫物种之间的共存情况和丰度相关性。啮齿动物取自南纬33度至43度之间的20个地点。从胃肠道中提取蠕虫并进行形态学鉴定。总体而言，共获得了13个蠕虫分类单元。最常鉴定出的寄生虫物种是 ，最丰富的是 ，而 属物种分布最广。没有一个地点呈现出与偶然预期不同的共存情况，而在至少一个地点，五种蠕虫物种的丰度与另一种蠕虫的丰度相关，这很可能是由于共同感染而非相互作用。宿主性别与寄生虫的存在或丰度有关，并且在所有情况下都明显观察到雌性偏向寄生现象。根据物种的不同，体况和纬度与寄生虫的存在或丰度呈现出正相关或负相关。值得注意的是，可能是本地物种的 属物种在入侵啮齿动物中广泛分布。此外，还发现了怀孕的雌性，这表明该物种向本地动物群的回流。高度人畜共患的膜壳绦虫物种的低频率和低丰度表明，啮齿动物在胃肠道人畜共患蠕虫方面的关注度较低。
