Faculty of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria.
Department of Surgery, Urology Unit, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria.
Ann Afr Med. 2022 Apr-Jun;21(2):153-157. doi: 10.4103/aam.aam_101_20.
Prostate cancer, previously reported as relatively rare in Nigeria, is currently the leading cancer and leading cause of cancer-related death in men. Late presentation appears to persist despite higher incidence rates and instituted awareness programs. This study assesses current prostate cancer indices at presentation to a 3 tier referral hospital in South-east Nigeria and compares these indices with reported indices from previous decades.
Retrospectively, the medical records of men presenting with histologically confirmed prostate cancer from January 2009 to April 2018 were reviewed. Age, spectrum and duration of clinical features, serum total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA), and prostate biopsy specimen Gleason Score (GS) at presentation were retrieved for the analysis using the SPSS software version 21. Obtained mean values and proportions were compared to reports from previous decades for observable shifts.
The medical records of 331 men 51-90 years of age (mean: 69.8 ± 8.0 years) were retrieved. Six (1.8%) men (median tPSA = 28.0 ng/ml; range 10.0-121.4 ng/ml) had screening-detected prostate cancer. About 72.0%, 52.0%, and 30.3% of men present with symptoms after 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months, respectively, and about 55.1% had other clinical features of disease progression beyond lower urinary tract symptoms. Symptom duration, serum tPSA (median 31.4 ng/ml; range 4.0-710.0 ng/ml), and % fPSA (median 20.6%; range 57.1%-8.6%) at presentation, as well as prevalent poorly-differentiated tumor (GS ≥7 [4 + 3] 62.2%) are yet to shift from reports from previous decades.
Prostate cancer indices at presentation in South-eastern Nigeria, a resource-poor community in sub-Saharan Africa are yet to positively shift despite efforts at prostate cancer awareness.
前列腺癌在尼日利亚以前报道的发病率相对较低，但目前是男性中最常见的癌症和癌症相关死亡的主要原因。尽管发病率较高且已实施了提高认识的计划，但晚期表现似乎仍持续存在。本研究评估了东南尼日利亚一家 3 级转诊医院就诊的前列腺癌当前指数，并将这些指数与前几十年的报告指数进行了比较。
回顾性地分析了 2009 年 1 月至 2018 年 4 月期间经组织学证实患有前列腺癌的男性的病历。使用 SPSS 软件版本 21 检索了就诊时的年龄、临床表现谱和持续时间、血清总前列腺特异性抗原（tPSA）和前列腺活检标本 Gleason 评分（GS），并进行了分析。将获得的平均值和比例与前几十年的报告进行了比较，以观察是否存在变化。
共检索到 331 名 51-90 岁（平均年龄：69.8 ± 8.0 岁）男性的病历。6 名（1.8%）男性（中位 tPSA=28.0ng/ml；范围 10.0-121.4ng/ml）接受了筛查检测出前列腺癌。大约 72.0%、52.0%和 30.3%的男性分别在 3 个月、6 个月和 12 个月后出现症状，大约 55.1%的男性除了下尿路症状外，还有其他疾病进展的临床特征。就诊时的症状持续时间、血清 tPSA（中位数 31.4ng/ml；范围 4.0-710.0ng/ml）和 fPSA%（中位数 20.6%；范围 57.1%-8.6%）以及常见的低分化肿瘤（GS≥7[4+3]62.2%）尚未从前几十年的报告中发生变化。
尽管在提高对前列腺癌的认识方面做出了努力，但在撒哈拉以南非洲资源匮乏的社区中，东南尼日利亚就诊的前列腺癌指数尚未发生积极变化。
