TUBITAK Marmara Research Center, Gebze, Turkey.
Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
Environ Technol. 2024 Jan;45(2):262-271. doi: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2103743. Epub 2022 Jul 25.
Sustainable operation is an essential challenge in many municipal wastewater treatment plants. Among many types of wastewater mixed in a sewer, healthcare wastewaters need special attention due to their hazardous substance content, which can be toxic to activated sludge. This study compared the acute inhibitory effects of healthcare wastewaters (HW) and medical laboratory wastewater (MLW) on conventional activated sludge (CAS) and membrane bioreactor (MBR). The sensitivity test showed that nitrifying bacteria (NBs) in MBR sludge have higher resistance to acute toxicity than the CAS. Compared with HW, MLW caused much higher inhibition on both sludges. When the ratio of HW in the tested domestic wastewater was 10%, inhibition of NBs was 39% in AS, while it was 31% in MBR. When the ratio of MLW in the tested domestic wastewater was only 10%, 72% of NBs in AS and 57% of NBs in MBR were already inhibited. The higher resistance of NB in MBR may be explained by the diversity of microorganisms in the MBR operated at high sludge ages. The findings of this study may be used to estimate the acute inhibition effect of HW and MLW discharged directly to the sewage at higher loads.
可持续运行是许多城市污水处理厂面临的一项重要挑战。在污水管道中混合的多种污水中，医疗废水因其所含的有害物质而需要特别关注，这些有害物质可能对活性污泥有毒。本研究比较了医疗废水 (HW) 和医疗实验室废水 (MLW) 对传统活性污泥 (CAS) 和膜生物反应器 (MBR) 的急性抑制作用。敏感性测试表明，MBR 污泥中的硝化细菌 (NB) 对急性毒性的抵抗力高于 CAS。与 HW 相比，MLW 对两种污泥的抑制作用更大。当测试的生活废水中 HW 的比例为 10%时，AS 中的 NB 抑制率为 39%，而 MBR 中的 NB 抑制率为 31%。当测试的生活废水中 MLW 的比例仅为 10%时，AS 中的 72%的 NB 和 MBR 中的 57%的 NB 已经受到抑制。MBR 中 NB 更高的抗性可以用在高污泥龄下运行的 MBR 中微生物的多样性来解释。本研究的结果可用于估计直接排放到污水中更高负荷的 HW 和 MLW 的急性抑制作用。
