Amin O M
J Parasitol. 1987 Apr;73(2):278-89.
Pomphorhynchus bulbocolli Linkins in Van Cleave, 1919, was considerably more common in fishes of the river-connected Tichigan Lake than of the landlocked Silver Lake, southeastern Wisconsin. It is reported from 17 species of principal, accessory, and occasional definitive hosts (new record in Moxostoma carinatum) and from 13 species of paratenic hosts (new records in Amia calva, Ictalurus punctatus, Lepomis cyanellus, and Pomoxis nigromaculatus). Infection patterns were influenced by fish species, feeding behavior, temperature, availability of intermediate host, type of water body, fish movement, and changes in fish host community. Host roles are not fixed but are often interchangeable. A seasonal cycle in prevalence, intensity, and maturation was evident, with greatest abundance and maturation during summer and recruitment during summer and autumn. Recruitment of new infections, development, and release of eggs, however, occurred all year. Sex ratio changed from near equal in new infections to one more highly in favor of females in older adults. Female fish were considerably more frequently and heavily infected than males. No relationship with fish age (size) was evident. Worms were mostly attached in posterior intestinal locations but initial establishment sites correlated with temperature. Translocation of P. bulbocolli due to competitive exclusion in concurrent infections was not observed. The significance of extraintestinal larval forms in the cycle of transmission was noted.
1919年，范·克利夫（Van Cleave）的林金斯（Linkins）所描述的球颈似棘头虫（Pomphorhynchus bulbocolli）在与河流相连的蒂奇根湖（Tichigan Lake）的鱼类中比在威斯康星州东南部的内陆银湖（Silver Lake）的鱼类中更为常见。该虫在17种主要、次要和偶尔的终末宿主（在龙骨突口鱼（Moxostoma carinatum）中有新记录）以及13种转续宿主（在雀鳝（Amia calva）、斑点叉尾鮰（Ictalurus punctatus）、蓝鳃太阳鱼（Lepomis cyanellus）和黑斑叉尾鮰（Pomoxis nigromaculatus）中有新记录）中被发现。感染模式受到鱼类种类、摄食行为、温度、中间宿主的可获得性、水体类型、鱼类活动以及鱼类宿主群落变化的影响。宿主角色并非固定不变，而是常常可以相互转换。在患病率、感染强度和成熟度方面存在明显的季节性周期，夏季最为丰富和成熟，夏季和秋季有新的感染个体补充。然而，全年都有新感染个体的补充、发育和虫卵释放。性别比例从新感染个体中接近相等变为老年个体中更有利于雌性。雌性鱼类比雄性鱼类感染更为频繁且严重。未发现与鱼龄（大小）有明显关系。虫体大多附着在肠道后部位置，但初始定植部位与温度相关。未观察到由于同时感染中的竞争排斥导致的球颈似棘头虫移位。注意到了肠外幼虫形式在传播周期中的重要性。
