Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias (ICAp), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo (UAEH), Universidad Km, 1, Ex Hacienda de Aquetzalpa, C.P. 43600, Tulancingo, Hidalgo, México.
Escuela Superior de Zimapán, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo (UAEH), Avenida Jorge Preisser Terán, Col. Nueva Reforma, C.P. 42330, Zimapán de Zavala, Hidalgo, México.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2022 Jul 20;54(4):233. doi: 10.1007/s11250-022-03240-5.
The objective was to assess grazing as an element of profitability and competitiveness of a small-scale lamb fattening production system in central México and compare its economic performance by means of an analysis of scenarios. Two scenarios were analysed to assess the contribution of grazing on profitability and competitiveness. The first analysis was when grazing was the feed base, and secondly, costs of opportunity and economic impacts were studied under the assumption that sheep do not graze, and total feed has to be bought from external suppliers. The economic effect of grazing on the profitability was analysed by means of the Policy Analysis Matrix. Differences were found between strata; farmers with more than 70 sheep have the best profitability indices and the least vulnerability under the non-grazing scenario. Grazing had a positive effect reducing the cost of production and increasing competitiveness in the four strata assessed. However, farmers with higher technical level, specialised breeds and larger flocks (strata 3 and 4) have higher economic profits. The conclusion was that the profitability in fattening sheep is linked to taking advantage of grazing. However, to keep and improve the current financial performance, there is a need for the adoption of strategies for an integral improvement of the system and the adoption of better grazing management to further reduce production costs.
本研究旨在评估放牧在中美洲小型绵羊育肥生产系统盈利能力和竞争力方面的作用，并通过情景分析来比较其经济表现。为了评估放牧对盈利能力和竞争力的贡献，分析了两种情景。第一种分析是放牧作为饲料基础的情况，其次，假设绵羊不放牧，并且必须从外部供应商购买全部饲料，研究了机会成本和经济影响。通过政策分析矩阵分析了放牧对盈利能力的经济影响。在不同的层次上发现了差异；拥有 70 多只羊的农民在不放牧的情况下具有最佳的盈利能力指数和最小的脆弱性。在评估的四个层次中，放牧对降低生产成本和提高竞争力都有积极影响。然而，具有更高技术水平、专门品种和更大羊群的农民（第 3 层和第 4 层）具有更高的经济利润。结论是，绵羊育肥的盈利能力与利用放牧有关。然而，为了保持和提高当前的财务表现，需要采取综合改进系统的策略，并采用更好的放牧管理来进一步降低生产成本。
