Bailey D N
J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1987;25(1-2):71-9. doi: 10.3109/15563658708992614.
The frequency of detection of cocaine and/or its major metabolite, benzoylecgonine, during toxicology screening of a university medical center patient population was evaluated by retrospective review of the results of the 2,200 toxicology screens performed during 1986 on either urine or urine in conjunction with blood. Of these screens, 234 (10%) were positive for cocaine and/or its metabolite--a substantial increase from the 1% noted for the year 1978 at this medical center. Men and women were represented equally with the most common age range being 21 to 30 years for both. Most adults (64%) were located on either the obstetrics or the trauma services. In 37 instances cocaine was detected in neonates, presumably due to transplacental transmission. Cocaine and/or its metabolite were found either alone or in combination with other drugs with about equal frequency. The most common other drugs were ethanol, morphine, amphetamine, methamphetaine, and phencyclidine. Cocaine detection increased throughout the study period with 68% of positives occurring from July through December 1986. Analysis of cocaine and/or benzoylecgonine should be an integral part of toxicology screening performed on a university medical center patient population.
通过回顾1986年对2200例患者进行的尿液或尿液联合血液毒理学筛查结果，评估了一所大学医学中心患者群体在毒理学筛查期间可卡因和/或其主要代谢物苯甲酰爱康宁的检出频率。在这些筛查中，234例（10%）可卡因和/或其代谢物呈阳性——与该医学中心1978年记录的1%相比大幅增加。男性和女性比例相同，最常见的年龄范围均为21至30岁。大多数成年人（64%）来自产科或创伤科。在37例新生儿中检测到可卡因，推测是由于胎盘传播。可卡因和/或其代谢物单独或与其他药物联合发现的频率大致相同。最常见的其他药物是乙醇、吗啡、苯丙胺、甲基苯丙胺和苯环己哌啶。在整个研究期间可卡因检出率上升，68%的阳性结果出现在1986年7月至12月。对大学医学中心患者群体进行毒理学筛查时，可卡因和/或苯甲酰爱康宁的分析应作为一个组成部分。
