Community-Oriented Nursing Midwifery Research Center, Nursing and Midwifery School, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
Department of Hematology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
Przegl Epidemiol. 2022;76(1):51-57. doi: 10.32394/pe.76.06.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive and irreversible disease that leads to end-stage renal disease. Many factors such as increased oxidative stress play a role in the occurrence of this complication. Due to the effective role of the antioxidant defense system in controlling many of the complications in which oxidative stress is involved, the present study was conducted to evaluate the role of antioxidants in the prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease.
In this review study, studies using standard keywords in internal and external databases including: SID, Magiran, IranDoc, Medlib, Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Medline and Google Scholar search engine, were retrieved and selected without time limit.
Among the selected articles, 14 articles were eligible for inclusion in the study, which was performed on more than 20,000 people and several animal models of rats from 2005 onwards. The results showed that there is an inverse relationship between the concentration of antioxidant enzymes in the body and the intensity and progression of CKD. In severe cases, a significant decrease in the concentration of antioxidant enzymes in the body, as well as cofactors such as selenium, iron and zinc in the progressive and severe course of CKD has been observed.
The positive and significant effect of antioxidant compounds in chronic kidney disease is evident. The use of these compounds in the diet in the form of fruits, vegetables and grains, as well as the supply of iron and zinc and other minerals elements as cofactors for the action of enzymatic antioxidants has an effective role in the prevention and treatment of diseases by controlling free radicals.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）是一种进行性和不可逆转的疾病，可导致终末期肾病。许多因素，如氧化应激增加，在这种并发症的发生中起作用。由于抗氧化防御系统在控制涉及氧化应激的许多并发症方面的有效作用，本研究旨在评估抗氧化剂在预防和治疗慢性肾脏病中的作用。
在这项综述研究中，使用内部和外部数据库中的标准关键字（包括：SID、Magiran、IranDoc、Medlib、Science Direct、PubMed、Scopus、Embase、Web of Science、Medline 和 Google Scholar 搜索引擎）检索和选择了无时间限制的研究。
在所选择的文章中，有 14 篇文章符合纳入研究的标准，这些研究是在 2005 年以后对 20000 多人和几个大鼠动物模型进行的。结果表明，体内抗氧化酶的浓度与 CKD 的强度和进展呈负相关。在严重的情况下，体内抗氧化酶的浓度显著下降，以及硒、铁和锌等辅助因子在 CKD 的进行性和严重过程中也显著下降。
抗氧化化合物在慢性肾脏病中的积极和显著作用是明显的。在饮食中使用这些化合物，如水果、蔬菜和谷物，以及供应铁和锌等矿物质元素作为酶抗氧化剂的辅助因子，通过控制自由基对疾病的预防和治疗具有有效的作用。
