College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2022 Oct 5;439:129587. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129587. Epub 2022 Jul 14.
The presence of microplastics (MPs) has been recognized as a significant environmental threat due to adverse effects spanning from molecular level, organism health, ecosystem services to human health and well-being. MPs are complex environmental contaminants as they bind to a wide range of other contaminants. MPs associated contaminants include toxic chemical substances that are used as additives during the plastic manufacturing process and adsorbed contaminants that co-exist with MPs in aquatic environments. With the transfer between the water column and sediments, and the migration within aquatic systems, such contaminants associated MPs potentially pose high risk to aquatic systems. However, only limited research has been undertaken currently to link the environmental risk associated with MPs occurrence and movement behaviour in aquatic systems. Given the significant environmental risk and current knowledge gaps, this review focuses on the role played by the abundance of different MP species in water and sediment compartments as well as provides the context for assessing and quantifying the multiple risks associated with the occurrence and movement behaviour of different MP types. Based on the review of past literature, it is found that the physicochemical properties of MPs influence the release/sorption of other contaminants and current MPs transport modelling studies have primarily focused on virgin plastics rather than aged plastics. Additionally, risk assessment of contaminants-associated MPs needs significantly more research. This paper consolidates the current state-of-the art knowledge on the source to sink movement behaviour of MPs and methodologies for assessing the risk of different MP species. Moreover, knowledge gaps and emerging trends in the field are also identified for future research endeavours.
微塑料（MPs）的存在已被认为是一种重大的环境威胁，因为其影响范围广泛，包括从分子水平到生物体健康、生态系统服务以及人类健康和福祉等多个方面。MPs 是一种复杂的环境污染物，因为它们可以结合广泛的其他污染物。与 MPs 相关的污染物包括在塑料制造过程中用作添加剂的有毒化学物质和在水生环境中与 MPs 共存的吸附污染物。随着 MPs 在水柱状和沉积物之间的转移，以及在水生系统内的迁移，这些与 MPs 相关的污染物可能对水生系统构成高风险。然而，目前仅有有限的研究旨在将 MPs 在水生系统中的出现和迁移行为与相关的环境风险联系起来。鉴于其重大的环境风险和当前的知识空白，本综述重点关注不同 MP 物种在水和沉积物中的丰度所扮演的角色，并为评估和量化与不同 MP 类型的出现和迁移行为相关的多种风险提供背景。基于对过去文献的综述，发现 MPs 的物理化学性质会影响其他污染物的释放/吸附，而目前的 MPs 输运建模研究主要集中在原始塑料上，而不是老化塑料上。此外，与 MPs 相关的污染物的风险评估需要更多的研究。本文整合了 MPs 从源到汇的迁移行为以及评估不同 MP 物种风险的方法方面的最新知识。此外，还确定了该领域的知识空白和新兴趋势，以供未来的研究努力。
