Institute of Eco-environmental Forensics, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.
Institute of Eco-environmental Forensics, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China; Qingdao Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China; Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Sep 10;838(Pt 2):156068. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156068. Epub 2022 May 20.
As emerging contaminants, microplastics (MPs) have attracted global attention. They are a potential risk to organisms, ecosystems and human health. MPs are characterized by small particle sizes, weak photodegradability, and are good environmental carriers. They can physically adsorb or chemically react with organic, inorganic and bio-pollutants to generate complex binary pollutants or change the environmental behaviors of these pollutants. We systematically reviewed the following aspects of MPs: (i) Adsorption of heavy metals and organic pollutants by MPs and the key environmental factors affecting adsorption behaviors; (ii) Enrichment and release of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) on MPs and the effects of MPs on ARG migration in the environment; (iii) Formation of "plastisphere" and interactions between MPs and microorganisms; (iv) Ecotoxicological effects of MPs and their co-exposures with other pollutants. Finally, scientific knowledge gaps and future research areas on MPs are summarized, including standardization of study methodologies, ecological effects and human health risks of MPs and their combination with other pollutants.
作为新兴污染物，微塑料（MPs）受到了全球关注。它们对生物、生态系统和人类健康构成潜在风险。MPs 的特点是粒径小、光降解性弱，是良好的环境载体。它们可以物理吸附或与有机、无机和生物污染物发生化学反应，生成复杂的二元污染物，或改变这些污染物的环境行为。我们系统地综述了 MPs 的以下方面：（i） MPs 对重金属和有机污染物的吸附作用以及影响吸附行为的关键环境因素；（ii） MPs 上抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）的富集和释放以及 MPs 对 ARG 在环境中迁移的影响；（iii）“塑料皮”的形成以及 MPs 与微生物之间的相互作用；（iv） MPs 的生态毒理学效应及其与其他污染物的共同暴露。最后，总结了 MPs 领域的科学知识空白和未来研究方向，包括研究方法的标准化、 MPs 的生态效应和人类健康风险及其与其他污染物的结合。
