Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, Statens Serum Institut, 2300, Copenhagen S, Denmark.
Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, 2300, Copenhagen S, Denmark.
Nat Commun. 2022 Jul 21;13(1):4213. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-31897-x.
A considerable number of individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 continue to experience symptoms after the acute phase. Here, we report findings from a nationwide questionnaire study in Denmark including 61,002 RT-PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases and 91,878 test-negative controls aged 15-years or older. Six to twelve months after the test, the risks of 18 out of 21 symptoms were elevated among test-positives. The largest adjusted risk differences (RD) were observed for dysosmia (RD = 10.92%, 95% CI 10.68-11.21%), dysgeusia (RD = 8.68%, 95% CI 8.43-8.93%), fatigue/exhaustion (RD = 8.43%, 95%CI 8.14-8.74%), dyspnea (RD = 4.87%, 95% CI 4.65-5.09%) and reduced strength in arms/legs (RD = 4.68%, 95% CI 4.45-4.89%). During the period from the test and until completion of the questionnaire, new diagnoses of anxiety (RD = 1.15%, 95% CI 0.95-1.34%) or depression (RD = 1.00%, 95% CI 0.81-1.19%) were also more common among test-positives. Even in a population where the majority of test-positives were not hospitalized, a considerable proportion experiences symptoms up to 12 months after infection. Being female or middle-aged increases risks.
相当数量的感染 SARS-CoV-2 的个体在急性期后仍持续出现症状。在此，我们报告了一项在丹麦进行的全国性问卷调查研究结果，该研究纳入了 61002 例经 RT-PCR 确诊的 SARS-CoV-2 病例和 91878 例年龄在 15 岁及以上的阴性对照。在检测后 6 至 12 个月，21 种症状中有 18 种的阳性检出风险升高。调整后的最大风险差异（RD）见于嗅觉障碍（RD=10.92%，95%CI 10.68-11.21%）、味觉障碍（RD=8.68%，95%CI 8.43-8.93%）、疲劳/乏力（RD=8.43%，95%CI 8.14-8.74%）、呼吸困难（RD=4.87%，95%CI 4.65-5.09%）和四肢无力（RD=4.68%，95%CI 4.45-4.89%）。在此期间，从检测到完成问卷期间，阳性检出者新诊断出焦虑症（RD=1.15%，95%CI 0.95-1.34%）或抑郁症（RD=1.00%，95%CI 0.81-1.19%）的情况也更为常见。即使在大多数阳性检出者未住院的人群中，仍有相当比例的人在感染后 12 个月内出现症状。女性或中年人群的风险增加。
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