Ronca Débora Barbosa, Mesquita Larissa Otaviano, Oliveira Dryelle, Figueiredo Ana Cláudia Morais Godoy, Wen Jun, Song Manshu, de Carvalho Kênia Mara Baiocchi
Faculty of Health Sciences, Graduate Program of Public Health, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.
Health Department of Federal District, Brasília, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2025 May 7;20(5):e0314892. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0314892. eCollection 2025.
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Excess weight has been identified as a potential risk factor for post-COVID-19 condition (PCC). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate whether excess weight is associated with the development or experience of neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms in PCC.
We conducted a comprehensive search of eight databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, VHL, Google Scholar, ProQuest, and medRxiv) for studies published up to July 2023. Studies were included if they assessed PCC symptoms in relation to nutritional status, specifically the development of neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms more than 12 weeks post-infection. The analysis compared exposure and controls groups (excess weight vs. normal weight; obesity vs. non-obesity). Data were synthesized using a random-effects model.
Of the 10,122 abstracts screened, 18 studies (n = 139,091 adults) were included. These studies included 79,050 individuals with excess weight vs 57,926 normal-weight individuals and 30,694 individuals with obesity vs 107,612 non-obese individuals. The presence of excess weight in PCC was significantly associated with persistent depression (RR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.03-1.42), headache (OR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.10-1.37), memory issues (RR = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.24-1.65), sleep disturbance (RR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.16-1.48), and vertigo (RR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.04-1.41). Obesity was significantly associated with persistent headache (OR = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.37-1.53), numbness (RR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.46-1.78), smell disorder (OR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.11-1.22), taste disorder (OR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.08-1.38), and vertigo (RR = 1.44; 95% CI: 1.35-1.53).
Excess weight, including overweight and obesity, is associated with experiencing neuro-symptoms related to PCC. Individuals with these conditions urgently need enhanced personalized care management in current post-pandemic context.
背景/目的：超重已被确定为新冠后状况（PCC）的一个潜在风险因素。本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在调查超重是否与PCC中神经和神经精神症状的发生或经历有关。
我们对八个数据库（PubMed、Embase、Scopus、Web of Science、VHL、谷歌学术、ProQuest和medRxiv）进行了全面检索，以查找截至2023年7月发表的研究。如果研究评估了与营养状况相关的PCC症状，特别是感染后12周以上神经和神经精神症状的发生情况，则纳入研究。分析比较了暴露组和对照组（超重与正常体重；肥胖与非肥胖）。数据使用随机效应模型进行综合。
在筛选的10122篇摘要中，纳入了18项研究（n = 139091名成年人）。这些研究包括79050名超重个体与57926名正常体重个体，以及30694名肥胖个体与107612名非肥胖个体。PCC中超重的存在与持续性抑郁（RR = 1.21；95%CI：1.03 - 1.42）、头痛（OR = 1.23；95%CI：1.10 - 1.37）、记忆问题（RR = 1.43；95%CI：1.24 - 1.65）、睡眠障碍（RR = 1.31；95%CI：1.16 - 1.48）和眩晕（RR = 1.21；95%CI：1.04 - 1.41）显著相关。肥胖与持续性头痛（OR = 1.45；95%CI：1.37 - 1.53）、麻木（RR = 1.61；95%CI：1.46 - 1.78）、嗅觉障碍（OR = 1.16；95%CI：1.11 - 1.22）、味觉障碍（OR = 1.22；95%CI：1.08 - 1.38）和眩晕（RR = 1.44；95%CI：1.35 - 1.53）显著相关。
超重，包括超重和肥胖，与PCC相关的神经症状有关。在当前疫情后背景下，患有这些疾病的个体迫切需要加强个性化护理管理。
