尿硫氰酸盐是十字花科蔬菜摄入量的生物标志物，较高水平的尿硫氰酸盐与非吸烟人群中心血管疾病和全因死亡风险较低相关。
Higher Levels of Urinary Thiocyanate, a Biomarker of Cruciferous Vegetable Intake, Were Associated With Lower Risks of Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality Among Non-smoking Subjects.
作者信息
Wang Qiang, King Lei, Wang Pei, Jiang Guanhua, Huang Yue, Dun Changchang, Yin Jiawei, Shan Zhilei, Xu Jian, Liu Liegang
机构信息
Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
出版信息
Front Nutr. 2022 Jul 5;9:919484. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.919484. eCollection 2022.
BACKGROUND
Epidemiologic studies on cruciferous vegetable (CV) intake and cardiovascular disease (CVD) were inconclusive.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the associations of urinary thiocyanate, a biomarker of CV intake, with CVD and all-cause mortality among non-smoking adults.
METHODS
This prospective cohort study comprised 10,489 non-smoking adults (weighted mean age, 46.8 years; 43.4% male) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2014. Non-smokers were defined as subjects with serum cotinine < 3 ng/mL. Urinary thiocyanate was measured with ion chromatography tandem mass spectrometry at baseline, and CVD and all-cause mortality were identified through linkage to National Death Index until December 31, 2015. Cox proportional hazards model was applied to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CVD and all-cause mortality.
RESULTS
A total of 800 deaths, of which 136 died of CVD, were ascertained within a median 7.8 years of follow-up. Urinary thiocyanate was positively correlated with total CV intake among non-smoking adults ( = 0.088, < 0.001). Comparing extreme quartiles, the multivariate-adjusted HRs for CVD and all-cause mortality were 0.50 (95% CI: 0.29-0.85) and 0.75 (95% CI: 0.60-0.92), respectively. Each 1 μg/g creatinine increment of log-transformed urinary thiocyanate was associated with a 25% (HR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.62-0.91) reduced CVD mortality risk and 12% (HR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.81-0.96) reduced all-cause mortality risk. The documented inverse associations persisted in sensitivity analyses.
CONCLUSION
Increased levels of urinary thiocyanate, a candidate biomarker of CV intake, were associated with low risks of CVD and total mortality among non-smoking adults. This prospective biomarker-based study provided further evidence to support the cardiovascular benefits of CVs.
背景
关于十字花科蔬菜（CV）摄入量与心血管疾病（CVD）的流行病学研究尚无定论。
目的
研究尿硫氰酸盐（一种CV摄入量的生物标志物）与非吸烟成年人的CVD及全因死亡率之间的关联。
方法
这项前瞻性队列研究纳入了2001 - 2014年美国国家健康与营养检查调查中的10489名非吸烟成年人（加权平均年龄46.8岁；男性占43.4%）。非吸烟者定义为血清可替宁<3 ng/mL的受试者。在基线时采用离子色谱串联质谱法测量尿硫氰酸盐，并通过与国家死亡指数进行关联确定CVD和全因死亡率，随访至2015年12月31日。应用Cox比例风险模型估计CVD和全因死亡率的风险比（HR）及95%置信区间（CI）。
结果
在中位7.8年的随访期内，共确定800例死亡，其中136例死于CVD。非吸烟成年人中尿硫氰酸盐与总CV摄入量呈正相关（r = 0.088，P < 0.001）。比较四分位数极端值，CVD和全因死亡率的多变量调整后HR分别为0.50（95%CI：0.29 - 0.85）和0.75（95%CI：0.60 - 0.92）。对数转换后的尿硫氰酸盐每增加1 μg/g肌酐，CVD死亡风险降低25%（HR：0.75；95%CI：0.62 - 0.91），全因死亡风险降低12%（HR：0.88；95%CI：0.81 - 0.96）。在敏感性分析中，所记录的反向关联依然存在。
结论
尿硫氰酸盐水平升高（一种CV摄入量的候选生物标志物）与非吸烟成年人的CVD低风险和总死亡率低风险相关。这项基于前瞻性生物标志物的研究为支持CV对心血管的益处提供了进一步证据。
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