Tel-Aviv University, The School of Social Work, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Health Soc Care Community. 2022 Nov;30(6):e5115-e5124. doi: 10.1111/hsc.13926. Epub 2022 Jul 22.
The present study investigates the effects of group appraisal and acculturation orientations on burnout of social workers working with immigrants. The study is based on the Threat-Benefit and the Acculturation Theories. The proposed theoretical model was tested in a sample of social workers working with immigrants from the Former Soviet Union (FSU) in Israel (n = 313). Amongst the study participants, 254 were Israeli born, and 59 were immigrants from the FSU. The results demonstrated that social workers' acculturation orientations mediate the connection between the appraisal of the immigrant group and the social workers' burnout when working with immigrants from this group. Specifically, appraisal of immigrants as beneficial for the receiving society was associated with a stronger orientation towards preserving the immigrant culture (β = 0.22). On the other hand, appraisal of immigrants as threatening the receiving society was associated with a weaker orientation towards preserving the immigrant culture (β = -0.21) and with a stronger orientation towards acquiring the majority culture by immigrants (β = 0.12). A stronger acculturation orientation related to preserving the immigrant culture was associated with a lower level of burnout (β = -0.13) and a higher sense of personal accomplishments of social workers working with immigrants (β = 0.20). Immigrant social workers, compared to their native colleagues, reported a higher level of personal accomplishment (M[SD] = 5.08[1.24] vs. M[SD] = 4.21[1.39]) but also a higher level of burnout working with immigrant clients (M[SD] = 1.88[0.83] vs. M[SD] = 1.60[0.63]). The main conclusion following the present study relates to the importance of developing a positive appraisal of immigrants and accepting the immigrant culture for successful work with immigrants.
本研究探讨了群体评价和文化适应取向对与移民一起工作的社会工作者的倦怠的影响。本研究基于威胁-收益和文化适应理论。在所研究的社会工作者样本中，提出的理论模型在与来自前苏联的移民一起工作的以色列社会工作者（n=313）中进行了测试。在研究参与者中，有 254 人是以色列出生的，有 59 人是来自前苏联的移民。结果表明，社会工作者的文化适应取向中介了移民群体评价与社会工作者与来自该群体的移民一起工作时的倦怠之间的联系。具体来说，将移民评价为对接收社会有益与保持移民文化的更强取向（β=0.22）相关。另一方面，将移民评价为对接收社会构成威胁与保持移民文化的较弱取向（β= -0.21）和移民更多地接受主流文化的取向（β=0.12）相关。保持移民文化的更强的文化适应取向与更低水平的倦怠（β= -0.13）和更高的移民社会工作者个人成就感（β=0.20）相关。与本地同事相比，移民社会工作者报告说，他们在与移民客户一起工作时，成就感更高（M[SD] = 5.08[1.24] 比 M[SD] = 4.21[1.39]），但倦怠程度也更高（M[SD] = 1.88[0.83] 比 M[SD] = 1.60[0.63]）。本研究的主要结论涉及到对移民进行积极评价和接受移民文化的重要性，以实现与移民的成功合作。
