Professor of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's, Department of Pediatrics, Director, Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
Clin Liver Dis. 2022 Aug;26(3):439-460. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2022.05.001.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of chronic liver disease in children. Although environmental factors are major contributors to early onset, children have both shared and unique genetic risk alleles as compared with adults with NAFLD. Treatment relies on reducing environmental risk factors, but many children have persistent diseases. No medications are approved specifically for the treatment of NAFLD, but some anti-obesity or diabetes treatments may be beneficial. Pediatric NAFLD increases the risk of diabetes and other cardiovascular risk factors. Long-term prospective studies are needed to determine the long-term risk of hepatic and non-hepatic morbidity and mortality in adulthood.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是儿童慢性肝病的主要原因。尽管环境因素是导致早发性疾病的主要原因，但与成人 NAFLD 相比，儿童既有共同的遗传风险等位基因，也有独特的遗传风险等位基因。治疗依赖于减少环境风险因素，但许多儿童的疾病持续存在。目前尚无专门用于治疗 NAFLD 的药物，但一些抗肥胖或糖尿病的治疗方法可能是有益的。儿科 NAFLD 会增加糖尿病和其他心血管风险因素的风险。需要进行长期前瞻性研究，以确定成年后患肝脏和非肝脏发病率和死亡率的长期风险。
