Department of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, PR China.
Anal Chim Acta. 2022 Aug 8;1220:340023. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340023. Epub 2022 Jun 9.
Traditional single sensor is designed based on the "lock-and-key" mode, which only relies on the most dominant interactions between the sensing element and the target. Although it exhibits high selectivity, there are challenges in detecting multiple analytes at the same time. Here, a sensor array with three sensing elements is developed to detect multiple heavy metal ions simultaneously and quickly. In our experiment, bovine serum albumin-encapsulated gold nanoclusters (BSA-AuNCs) were used as fluorescence probes and three different dopamine (DA) concentrations as nonspecific receptors. As we know, self-polymerized polydopamine (PDA) can quench part of the fluorescence of BSA-AuNCs. Upon the addition of the heavy metal ions, the diverse non-specific interactions between DA and heavy metal ions result in the difference in the number of the remaining PDA. Therefore it would lead to different degrees of fluorescence recovery behavior. This unique "turn-on" fluorescence response mode can be analyzed by linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). Two-dimensional, three-dimensional and even four-dimensional mixed ions detection and quantitative detection have also been achieved. Moreover, by using this fluorescence array mode, heavy metal ions in tap water or blood samples can be detected.
传统的单传感器是基于“锁钥”模式设计的，它仅依赖于传感元件与目标之间最主要的相互作用。尽管它表现出了高选择性，但在同时检测多种分析物时仍存在挑战。在这里，我们开发了一种具有三个传感元件的传感器阵列，以实现对多种重金属离子的快速同时检测。在我们的实验中，牛血清白蛋白包裹的金纳米团簇（BSA-AuNCs）被用作荧光探针，三种不同浓度的多巴胺（DA）作为非特异性受体。众所周知，自聚合的聚多巴胺（PDA）可以猝灭部分 BSA-AuNCs 的荧光。当加入重金属离子时，DA 和重金属离子之间的多种非特异性相互作用导致剩余 PDA 的数量不同。因此，会导致不同程度的荧光恢复行为。这种独特的“开启”荧光响应模式可以通过线性判别分析（LDA）和层次聚类分析（HCA）进行分析。二维、三维甚至四维混合离子的检测和定量检测也已实现。此外，通过使用这种荧光阵列模式，可以检测自来水中或血液样本中的重金属离子。
