State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China; Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, China.
State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
Carbohydr Polym. 2022 Oct 15;294:119773. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119773. Epub 2022 Jun 24.
Proteoglycans consist of core proteins and one or more covalently-linked glycosaminoglycan chains. They are structurally complex and heterogeneous. Proteoglycans bind to cell surface receptors, cytokines, growth factors and have strong affinity for collagen fibrils. Together with their complex spatial structures and different charge densities, proteoglycans are directly or indirectly involved in biomineralization. The present review focused on the potential mechanisms of proteoglycans-mediated biomineralization. Topics covered include the ability of proteoglycans to influence the proliferation and differentiation of odontoblasts and osteoblasts through complex signaling pathways, as well as regulate the aggregation of collagen fibrils and mineral deposition. The functions of proteoglycans in mineralization regulation and biomimetic properties render them important components in bone tissue engineering. Hence, the integrated impact of proteoglycans on bone formation was also succinctly deliberated. The potential of proteoglycans to function therapeutic targets for relieving the symptoms of ectopic mineralization and mineralization defects was also comprehensively addressed.
蛋白聚糖由核心蛋白和一个或多个共价连接的糖胺聚糖链组成。它们结构复杂且具有异质性。蛋白聚糖与细胞表面受体、细胞因子和生长因子结合，并且与胶原纤维具有很强的亲和力。蛋白聚糖及其复杂的空间结构和不同的电荷密度一起，直接或间接地参与了生物矿化过程。本综述重点讨论了蛋白聚糖介导的生物矿化的潜在机制。涵盖的主题包括蛋白聚糖通过复杂的信号通路影响成牙本质细胞和成骨细胞的增殖和分化的能力，以及调节胶原纤维的聚集和矿物质沉积的能力。蛋白聚糖在矿化调节和仿生特性中的功能使它们成为骨组织工程中的重要组成部分。因此，还简要讨论了蛋白聚糖对骨形成的综合影响。还全面探讨了蛋白聚糖作为治疗靶点的潜力，以缓解异位矿化和矿化缺陷的症状。
