Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
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Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2022 Feb 28;68(2):109-118. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2022.68.2.16.
This research was to explore the population characteristics and drug-resistant gene mutations of tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) dual infection population, and to provide a reference for clinical screening and prevention of TB/HIV dual infection. TB patients and HIV-infected/AIDS patients registered in Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention were selected as research subjects. The population characteristics of TB/HIV dual infection and mutation of drug-resistant genes were discussed. It was found that TB patients aged 20-40 years had the highest HIV infection rate, followed by those aged over 40 years. The rate of HIV infection in smear-negative TB patients was higher than that in smear-positive TB patients. HIV/AIDS patients aged 20-40 had the highest TB infection rate. In addition, men had higher rates of HIV than women, and married people had lower rates of HIV than single people. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) had the highest resistance to isoniazid (42.86%), followed by ofloxacin (34.82%), streptomycin (33.81%), and rifampicin (32.15%). Among the 113 cases of multi-drug resistant strains, 82 cases had mutations in the rpoB gene, with a gene mutation rate of 55.75%. The mutations ranged from codon 511 to codon 569. A total of 31 cases had mutations in the katG/inhA gene. Of which, there were 17 cases of katG single gene mutation, 9 cases of inhA single gene mutation, and 5 cases of combined katG and inhA gene mutation. It was suggested that it was necessary to carry out key TB/HIV two-way screening for TB patients older than 40 years old/smear-negative and male, single, and HIV-infected/AIDS patients aged 20-40. The resistance of MTB to antiTB drugs in this area was generally high, and the drug resistance of retreated patients was significantly higher than that of newly treated patients. Among the resistance genes, the rpoB gene had the highest mutation frequency, followed by the katG gene and inhA gene.
本研究旨在探讨结核病（TB）和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）/获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）双重感染人群的人口特征和耐药基因突变情况，为临床筛查和预防 TB/HIV 双重感染提供参考。选取福州市疾病预防控制中心登记的结核病患者和 HIV 感染者/AIDS 患者为研究对象，探讨 TB/HIV 双重感染人群特征及耐药基因变异情况。结果发现，年龄在 20-40 岁的结核病患者 HIV 感染率最高，其次是年龄在 40 岁以上的结核病患者。涂片阴性结核病患者的 HIV 感染率高于涂片阳性结核病患者。20-40 岁的 HIV/AIDS 患者结核病感染率最高。此外，男性 HIV 感染率高于女性，已婚人群 HIV 感染率低于单身人群。结核分枝杆菌（MTB）对异烟肼（42.86%）的耐药率最高，其次是氧氟沙星（34.82%）、链霉素（33.81%）和利福平（32.15%）。113 例耐多药菌株中，rpoB 基因发生突变 82 例，基因突变率为 55.75%。突变范围从密码子 511 到密码子 569。katG/inhA 基因发生突变 31 例，其中 katG 单基因突变 17 例，inhA 单基因突变 9 例，katG 和 inhA 联合基因突变 5 例。建议对 40 岁以上/涂片阴性和男性、单身、20-40 岁的 HIV 感染者/AIDS 患者进行结核病/HIV 双重重点筛查。该地区 MTB 对抗结核药物的耐药性普遍较高，复治患者的耐药性明显高于初治患者。在耐药基因中，rpoB 基因的突变频率最高，其次是 katG 基因和 inhA 基因。
