Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Center for Brain Health, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.
Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.
Alzheimers Dement. 2023 Apr;19(4):1143-1151. doi: 10.1002/alz.12705. Epub 2022 Jul 23.
We investigated associations between neighborhood racial/ethnic segregation and cognitive change.
We used data (n = 1712) from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Racial/ethnic segregation was assessed using Getis-Ord (Gi*) z-scores based on American Community Survey Census tract data (higher Gi* = greater spatial clustering of participant's race/ethnicity). Global cognition and processing speed were assessed twice, 6 years apart. Adjusted multilevel linear regression tested associations between Gi* z-scores and cognition. Effect modification by race/ethnicity, income, education, neighborhood socioeconomic status, and neighborhood social support was tested.
Participants were on average 67 years old; 43% were White, 11% Chinese, 29% African American/Black, 17% Hispanic; 40% had high neighborhood segregation (Gi* > 1.96). African American/Black participants with greater neighborhood segregation had greater processing speed decline in stratified analyses, but no interactions were significant.
Segregation was associated with greater processing speed declines among African American/Black participants. Additional follow-ups and comprehensive cognitive batteries may further elucidate these findings.
A study of neighborhood racial/ethnic segregation and change in cognition. Study was based on a racially and geographically diverse, population-based cohort of older adults. Racial/ethnic segregation (clustering) was measured by the Getis-ord (Gi*) statistic. We saw faster processing speed decline among Black individuals in segregated neighborhoods.
我们研究了邻里的种族/民族隔离与认知变化之间的关联。
我们使用来自动脉粥样硬化多民族研究（Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis）的数据（n = 1712）。种族/民族隔离通过基于美国社区调查（American Community Survey）的普查区数据的 Getis-Ord（Gi*）z 分数来评估（更高的 Gi表示参与者的种族/民族的空间聚类程度更大）。全局认知和处理速度分别进行两次评估，间隔 6 年。调整后的多层次线性回归检验了 Giz 分数与认知之间的关联。检验了种族/民族、收入、教育、邻里社会经济地位和邻里社会支持的作用修饰。
参与者的平均年龄为 67 岁；43%为白人，11%为中国人，29%为非裔美国人/黑人，17%为西班牙裔；40%的人邻里隔离程度较高（Gi* > 1.96）。在分层分析中，具有更高邻里隔离程度的非裔美国/黑人参与者的处理速度下降更大，但没有交互作用是显著的。
隔离与非裔美国/黑人参与者的处理速度下降更大有关。进一步的随访和全面的认知测试可能会进一步阐明这些发现。
一项关于邻里种族/民族隔离和认知变化的研究。研究基于一个种族和地理上多样化的、基于人群的老年队列。种族/民族隔离（聚类）通过 Getis-ord（Gi*）统计量来衡量。我们发现，在隔离的社区中，黑人的处理速度下降更快。
