Rausch Osthoff Anne-Kathrin, Nast Irina, Niedermann Karin
School of Health Sciences, Institute for Physiotherapy, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland.
Department of Orthopaedics, Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands.
BMC Rheumatol. 2022 Jul 25;6(1):40. doi: 10.1186/s41927-022-00270-2.
People living with axial Spondyloarthrtis (axSpA) have an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, which can be reduced by regular physical activity (PA) and its subset of cardiorespiratory training (CRT). To fulfil their crucial role in PA promotion, physiotherapists and other health professionals need to understand the beliefs that people living with axSpA possess concerning general PA and CRT. The aim of this study is to explore these behavioural, normative and control beliefs.
A qualitative descriptive design approach was chosen. Five semi-structured focus group interviews with 24 individuals living with axSpA were performed. Data was analysed using structured thematic qualitative content analysis.
People with axSpA possessed multifaceted behavioural, normative and control beliefs concerning general PA and CRT. Behavioural beliefs revealed a positive attitude towards general PA, with participants mentioning numerous physical, psychological, and social benefits and only few risks. However, the conceptual difference between general PA and CRT, and the relevance of CRT, was unclear to some participants. Normative beliefs were expressed as the beliefs of significant others that influenced their motivation to comply with such beliefs, e.g. spouses, other people living with axSpA, rheumatologists. Regarding control beliefs, general PA and CRT were both mentioned as effective self-management strategies to control the disease. From experience, a high level of self-discipline, as well as technology, were shown to be useful.
General PA is understood to be an important self-management strategy for people with axSpA and most participants build general PA into their daily routines. They believe that general PA beneficially impacts personal health and wellbeing. However, some participants are unaware of the difference between general PA and CRT and the important impact that this difference could have on their health. The consequences of CRT promotion for people living with axSpA should be the subject of further research.
患有中轴型脊柱关节炎（axSpA）的人群患心血管疾病的风险增加，而规律的体育活动（PA）及其心肺训练（CRT）子集可降低这种风险。为了在促进体育活动方面发挥关键作用，物理治疗师和其他健康专业人员需要了解axSpA患者对一般体育活动和心肺训练的看法。本研究的目的是探讨这些行为、规范和控制信念。
采用定性描述性设计方法。对24名axSpA患者进行了五次半结构化焦点小组访谈。使用结构化主题定性内容分析法对数据进行分析。
axSpA患者对一般体育活动和心肺训练持有多方面的行为、规范和控制信念。行为信念显示出对一般体育活动的积极态度，参与者提到了许多身体、心理和社会效益，只有少数风险。然而，一些参与者不清楚一般体育活动和心肺训练之间的概念差异以及心肺训练的相关性。规范信念表现为重要他人的信念，这些信念影响了他们遵守此类信念的动机，例如配偶、其他axSpA患者、风湿病学家。关于控制信念，一般体育活动和心肺训练都被提及为控制疾病的有效自我管理策略。从经验来看，高度的自律以及技术被证明是有用的。
一般体育活动被认为是axSpA患者重要的自我管理策略，大多数参与者将一般体育活动纳入日常生活。他们认为一般体育活动对个人健康和幸福有有益影响。然而，一些参与者没有意识到一般体育活动和心肺训练之间的差异以及这种差异可能对他们健康产生的重要影响。促进心肺训练对axSpA患者的影响应成为进一步研究的主题。
