Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.
Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Department of Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Dent Mater. 2022 Sep;38(9):1492-1506. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.07.001. Epub 2022 Jul 22.
This study investigated the effect of ageing in three food-simulating liquids (FSLs) on mechanical properties of three prosthodontic CAD/CAM polymer composites intended for construction of implant-supported frameworks.
Materials investigated were: (i) a carbon fibre-reinforced composite (CarboCAD 3D dream frame; CC), (ii) a glass fibre-reinforced composite (TRINIA; TR), and (iii) a reinforced PEEK (DentoKeep; PK). Filler contents and microstructural arrangements were determined by thermo-gravimetry and tomography (µ-CT), respectively. Flexural properties (FS and E) were measured by 3-point bending (3PB) of 1 mm and 2 mm thick beam specimens. Fracture toughness (K) was measured by single-edge-notched-bending (SENB). All measurements were made at baseline (dry) and after 1-day and 7-day storage at 37 ℃ in either water, 70 % ethanol/water (70 % E/W) or methyl ethyl ketone (MEK). Failed specimens were examined microscopically. Statistical analyses included four-way ANOVA, two-way ANOVA and multiple Tukey comparison tests (α = 0.05). Multiple independent t-tests were performed regarding thickness effects on FS and E (α = 0.05).
At baseline, the mechanical properties increased in the sequence: PK< TR< CC (p < 0.001). FS ranged from 192.9 to 501.5 MPa; E from 4.2 to 18.1 GPa; and Krom 4.9-12.4 MPa.m. Fibre-reinforced composites (CC and TR) were significantly stronger than PK. However, all properties of CC and TR reduced after 1 d storage in 70 % E/W and MEK with FS ranging from 58.6 to 408 MPa; E from 1 to 15.4 GPa; K from 6.87 to 10.17 MPa.m. Greater reductions occurred after 7 d storage. MEK was more detrimental than 70 % E/W and water on fibre-reinforced composites.
Mechanical properties of each CAD/CAM composite were strongly dependent upon media and ageing. Although the mechanical properties of PK were initially inferior, it was relatively stable in all FSLs. All three materials exhibited sufficient mechanical properties at 1 mm thickness, but thicker specimens were more tolerant to ageing.
本研究旨在三种食品模拟液（FSLs）中研究老化对三种用于构建种植体支持框架的义齿 CAD/CAM 聚合物复合材料机械性能的影响。
研究的材料为：（i）碳纤维增强复合材料（CarboCAD 3D dream frame；CC），（ii）玻璃纤维增强复合材料（TRINIA；TR）和（iii）增强型聚醚醚酮（DentoKeep；PK）。通过热重分析和断层摄影术（µ-CT）分别确定填充料含量和微观结构排列。通过 3 点弯曲（3PB）测量 1mm 和 2mm 厚梁试件的弯曲性能（FS 和 E）。通过单边切口弯曲（SENB）测量断裂韧性（K）。所有测量均在基线（干燥）和在 37°C 下在水、70%乙醇/水（70%E/W）或甲乙酮（MEK）中储存 1 天和 7 天后进行。对失效的样本进行了显微镜检查。统计分析包括四因素方差分析、双因素方差分析和多重 Tukey 比较检验（α=0.05）。针对厚度对 FS 和 E 的影响进行了多重独立 t 检验（α=0.05）。
在基线时，机械性能的顺序增加为：PK<TR<CC（p<0.001）。FS 范围为 192.9 至 501.5MPa；E 范围为 4.2 至 18.1GPa；Krom 范围为 4.9 至 12.4MPa.m。纤维增强复合材料（CC 和 TR）明显比 PK 更强。然而，在 70%E/W 和 MEK 中储存 1 天后，CC 和 TR 的所有性能均降低，FS 范围为 58.6 至 408MPa；E 范围为 1 至 15.4GPa；K 范围为 6.87 至 10.17MPa.m。7 天后储存时，降幅更大。MEK 对纤维增强复合材料的损害大于 70%E/W 和水。
每种 CAD/CAM 复合材料的机械性能均强烈依赖于介质和老化。尽管 PK 的机械性能最初较差，但它在所有 FSL 中均相对稳定。三种材料在 1mm 厚度时均具有足够的机械性能，但较厚的试件对老化更具耐受性。
