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晚期慢性肝病患者 von Willebrand 因子抗原水平显著升高的临床意义。

Clinical significance of substantially elevated von Willebrand factor antigen levels in patients with advanced chronic liver disease.

机构信息

Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Lab, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

出版信息

Dig Liver Dis. 2022 Oct;54(10):1376-1384. doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2022.06.010. Epub 2022 Jul 22.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Von Willebrand factor antigen (VWF) is a non-invasive marker for clinically significant portal hypertension (HVPG≥10 mmHg) and confers HVPG-independent prognostic information. While quantification of increased VWF-levels is not relevant in the context of von Willebrand disease, highly elevated VWF may be of clinical significance in ACLD. Thus, we have modified our analytical approach to quantify very high VWF-levels (i.e.,>420%) and investigated their prognostic value.

METHODS

Patients undergoing HVPG-measurement at the Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Lab with evidence of ACLD and information on VWF were considered. Clinical stages (CS) were defined as follows: Probable compensated ACLD (cACLD): LSM≥10kPa&HVPG<6 mmHg; 0: cACLD&6-9 mmHg; 1: cACLD&HVPG≥10 mmHg; 2: bleeding; 3: non-bleeding decompensation; 4: ≥2 decompensations.

RESULTS

124 (16%) of 793 patients had VWF>420%. The proportion of VWF>420% increased with disease severity (probable cACLD-0: 5(4%) vs. 1: 22(10%) vs. 2-4: 97(23%),p ≤ 0.001) as well as across HVPG (<6mmHg: 1(2%) vs. 6-9: 6(6%) vs. 10-15: 17(9%) vs. ≥16: 100(22%),p ≤ 0.001) and MELD (<10: 17(6%) vs. 10-14: 27(10%) vs. ≥15: 79(32%),p ≤ 0.001) strata. In patients with VWF>420%, median VWF was 533 (IQR:466-611)% and VWF was unrelated to HVPG (Spearman's ρ=0.139,p = 0.123), but showed direct correlations of weak/moderate strength with MELD (ρ=0.336,p < 0.001) and CRP (ρ=0.286,p = 0.001). In the subgroup with VWF>420%, VWF was predictive of decompensation/liver-related mortality (VWF per 10%; hazard ratio (HR): 1.02(95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.01-1.04),p = 0.008, even after adjusting for other factors (VWF per 10%; adjusted HR: 1.02(95%CI: 1.00-1.05),p = 0.031).

CONCLUSION

The proportion of patients with substantially elevated VWF values steadily increases with disease progression. While VWF is not reflective of HVPG in these patients, it is correlated with hepatic dysfunction and systemic inflammation. Importantly, quantification of high values provides prognostic information.

摘要

背景

血管性血友病因子抗原(VWF)是一种非侵入性的临床显著门静脉高压标志物(HVPG≥10mmHg),并提供 HVPG 独立的预后信息。虽然在血管性血友病的情况下,增加的 VWF 水平的定量没有相关性,但在 ACLD 中,高度升高的 VWF 可能具有临床意义。因此,我们修改了我们的分析方法来定量非常高的 VWF 水平(即>420%),并研究了它们的预后价值。

方法

考虑在维也纳肝脏血液动力学实验室进行 HVPG 测量并具有 ACLD 证据和 VWF 信息的患者。临床阶段(CS)定义如下:可能代偿性 ACLD(cACLD):LSM≥10kPa&HVPG<6mmHg;0:cACLD&6-9mmHg;1:cACLD&HVPG≥10mmHg;2:出血;3:非出血性失代偿;4:≥2 次失代偿。

结果

793 例患者中有 124 例(16%)VWF>420%。VWF>420%的比例随着疾病严重程度的增加而增加(可能的 cACLD-0:5(4%)比 1:22(10%)比 2-4:97(23%),p≤0.001),以及 HVPG(<6mmHg:1(2%)比 6-9mmHg:6(6%)比 10-15mmHg:17(9%)比≥16mmHg:100(22%),p≤0.001)和 MELD(<10mmHg:17(6%)比 10-14mmHg:27(10%)比≥15mmHg:79(32%),p≤0.001)分层。在 VWF>420%的患者中,中位 VWF 为 533(IQR:466-611)%,VWF 与 HVPG 无关(Spearman's ρ=0.139,p=0.123),但与 MELD(ρ=0.336,p<0.001)和 CRP(ρ=0.286,p=0.001)呈直接相关。在 VWF>420%的亚组中,VWF 可预测失代偿/肝脏相关死亡率(每 10%的 VWF;风险比(HR):1.02(95%置信区间(95%CI):1.01-1.04),p=0.008,即使在调整其他因素后(每 10%的 VWF;调整后的 HR:1.02(95%CI:1.00-1.05),p=0.031)。

结论

VWF 值显著升高的患者比例随着疾病的进展而稳步增加。虽然在这些患者中 VWF 不能反映 HVPG,但它与肝功能障碍和全身炎症有关。重要的是,高值的定量提供了预后信息。

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