Chat Iris Ka-Yi, Gepty Andrew A, Kautz Marin, Mac Giollabhui Naoise, Adogli Zoe V, Coe Christopher L, Abramson Lyn Y, Olino Thomas M, Alloy Lauren B
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience (IK-YC, AAG, MK, NMG, ZVA, TMO, LBA), Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Psychological and Brain Sciences Department (AAG), George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia; Depression Clinical Research Program (NMG), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; and the Department of Psychology (CLC, LYA), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.
Biol Psychiatry Glob Open Sci. 2022 Jul;2(3):273-282. doi: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2022.04.006. Epub 2022 May 18.
Residence in high-crime neighborhoods, especially in childhood, is linked to mental health issues later. Detecting distinct neurobiological processes underlying the effects of this environmental stressor may be critical to identifying prevention and intervention targets. This study examined the relationships of levels of a circulating inflammatory protein with social and monetary reward-related brain function among adolescents who lived in high- versus low-crime neighborhoods during childhood.
A total of 70 participants (mean age = 16.3 years; 57% female) completed measures of inflammatory markers, depression history, and health and 2 functional magnetic resonance imaging tasks assessing responsivity to monetary and social rewards. Multivariate linear regression tested whether individuals with higher interleukin 6, an inflammatory cytokine, who also lived in neighborhoods with higher crime had distinct orbitofrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens activation to monetary reward and social acceptance.
For adolescents who lived in neighborhoods with more crime, higher interleukin 6 was associated with higher nucleus accumbens responses to social acceptance. We did not detect significant moderating effects of neighborhood crime rates on the associations of interleukin 6 with orbitofrontal cortex responses to social acceptance or orbitofrontal cortex/nucleus accumbens activation during monetary reward anticipation or outcome. These results were obtained before and after adjusting for neighborhood income and other covariates. We did not detect significant moderating effects of neighborhood income.
High-threat residence environment and specific demands of the social context in childhood may have shaped the effect of peripheral immune activation on reward-related neural function in adolescence. The prevailing view that inflammation-associated behaviors are characterized by blunted responsiveness to reward may be oversimplistic.
居住在高犯罪率社区，尤其是在童年时期，与日后的心理健康问题相关。检测这种环境压力源影响背后独特的神经生物学过程，对于确定预防和干预目标可能至关重要。本研究考察了童年时期生活在高犯罪率与低犯罪率社区的青少年中，一种循环炎症蛋白水平与社会和金钱奖励相关脑功能之间的关系。
共有70名参与者（平均年龄 = 16.3岁；57%为女性）完成了炎症标志物、抑郁病史、健康状况的测量，以及两项功能磁共振成像任务，以评估对金钱和社会奖励的反应性。多变量线性回归测试了白细胞介素6（一种炎症细胞因子）水平较高且生活在犯罪率较高社区的个体，在面对金钱奖励和社会认可时，其眶额皮质和伏隔核的激活是否存在差异。
对于生活在犯罪率较高社区的青少年，较高的白细胞介素6水平与伏隔核对社会认可的较高反应相关。我们未检测到社区犯罪率对白细胞介素6与眶额皮质对社会认可的反应，或在预期金钱奖励或结果期间眶额皮质/伏隔核激活之间关联的显著调节作用。这些结果在调整社区收入和其他协变量前后均得到。我们也未检测到社区收入的显著调节作用。
高威胁居住环境和童年时期社会环境的特定要求，可能塑造了外周免疫激活对青少年奖励相关神经功能的影响。认为炎症相关行为以对奖励反应迟钝为特征的普遍观点可能过于简单化。
