Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Des Spécialités, WFNS Rabat Training Center for young, African neurosurgeons, Faculty of Medicine, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2022 Sep;220:107376. doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2022.107376. Epub 2022 Jul 20.
Neurosurgery inequity between High-Income Countries and Low- and Middle-Income Countries is striking. Currently, several models of education and training are available each has advantages and limitations. Our goal is to suggest an integrative model of Education and Training with international collaboration which will assure the most cost-effective Training Model.
The authors reviewed the literature narratively and examined in broad stroke the different existing models of international education and training programs to analyze their strengths, limitations, and cost-effectiveness in addressing the needs of Neurosurgery in Low and middle-Income Countries.
Several international institutions have been involved in Education and Training in Global Neurosurgery. The most common models for international education include short-term surgical mission and boot camps, a full residency training program in HICs, and a full residency training Program in Local or regional World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) reference centers in Low and Middle-Income Countries, and online education. In Africa, both Local residency training centers and WFNS reference centers are available and provide full training programs in Neurosurgery. Among them, WFNS Rabat Training Center is the first established center in Africa in 2002. This program is supported by the WFNS Foundation and by the Africa 100 Project. Some of these education models face currently challenges such as sustainability, financial support, and ethical issues.
Training neurosurgeons from Low and Middle-Income countries in local and regional WFNS Training centers might be the most cost-effective model of training that helps close the gap in neurosurgery. This training Model is duplicable and may be integrated into a global cohesive and collaborative model of education with international institutions.
高收入国家和中低收入国家之间的神经外科学不平等现象引人注目。目前，有几种教育和培训模式可供选择，每种模式都有其优点和局限性。我们的目标是提出一种具有国际合作的教育和培训综合模式，以确保最具成本效益的培训模式。
作者通过叙述性地回顾文献，并广泛考察了现有的国际教育和培训计划的不同模式，分析了它们在满足中低收入国家神经外科学需求方面的优势、局限性和成本效益。
几家国际机构参与了全球神经外科学的教育和培训。国际教育最常见的模式包括短期手术任务和训练营、在高收入国家完成完整的住院医师培训计划、在中低收入国家的当地或区域世界神经外科学会（WFNS）参考中心完成完整的住院医师培训计划以及在线教育。在非洲，当地住院医师培训中心和 WFNS 参考中心都有提供完整的神经外科学培训计划。其中，WFNS 拉巴特培训中心是 2002 年在非洲设立的第一个中心。该计划由 WFNS 基金会和非洲 100 项目提供支持。这些教育模式中的一些目前面临可持续性、资金支持和伦理问题等挑战。
在当地和区域 WFNS 培训中心培训来自中低收入国家的神经外科医生可能是最具成本效益的培训模式，可以缩小神经外科学的差距。这种培训模式是可复制的，可以与国际机构整合到一个具有全球凝聚力和协作性的教育模式中。
