Fernández-López Maikel, Sánchez-Reyes Ayixon, Barcelos Clara, Sidón-Ceseña Karla, Leite Ricardo B, Lago-Lestón Asunción
Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico.
CONACYT-Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2022 Jul 4;11(7):887. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11070887.
The excessive use of antibiotics has triggered the appearance of new resistant strains, which is why great interest has been taken in the search for new bioactive compounds capable of overcoming this emergency in recent years. Massive sequencing tools have enabled the detection of new microorganisms that cannot be cultured in a laboratory, thus opening the door to the search for new biosynthetic genes. The great variety in oceanic environments in terms of pressure, salinity, temperature, and nutrients enables marine microorganisms to develop unique biochemical and physiological properties for their survival, enhancing the production of secondary metabolites that can vary from those produced by terrestrial microorganisms. We performed a search for type I PKS genes in metagenomes obtained from the marine sediments of the deep waters of the Gulf of Mexico using Hidden Markov Models. More than 2000 candidate genes were detected in the metagenomes that code for type I PKS domains, while biosynthetic pathways that may code for other secondary metabolites were also detected. Our research demonstrates the great potential use of the marine sediments of the Gulf of Mexico for identifying genes that code for new secondary metabolites.
抗生素的过度使用引发了新的耐药菌株的出现，这就是为什么近年来人们对寻找能够克服这一紧急情况的新型生物活性化合物产生了浓厚兴趣。大规模测序工具使得检测出无法在实验室培养的新微生物成为可能，从而为寻找新的生物合成基因打开了大门。海洋环境在压力、盐度、温度和营养方面的巨大多样性，使海洋微生物能够发展出独特的生化和生理特性以实现生存，从而增加了次生代谢产物的产量，这些次生代谢产物可能与陆地微生物产生的不同。我们使用隐马尔可夫模型在从墨西哥湾深海水域的海洋沉积物中获得的宏基因组中搜索I型聚酮合酶基因。在宏基因组中检测到了2000多个编码I型聚酮合酶结构域的候选基因，同时还检测到了可能编码其他次生代谢产物的生物合成途径。我们的研究证明了墨西哥湾海洋沉积物在鉴定编码新次生代谢产物的基因方面具有巨大的潜在用途。
