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评估电离辐射吸收对多层航天服所用纺织品的结构、机械和生物物理性能的影响。

Assessment of the Impact of Ionizing Radiation Absorption on the Structural, Mechanical and Biophysical Properties of Textiles Used in Multilayer Space Suit.

作者信息

Krucińska Izabella, Skrzetuska Ewa, Puszkarz Adam K, Kawełczyk Monika

机构信息

Lodz University of Technology, Faculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design, Institute of Material Science of Textiles and Polymer Composites, 116 Żeromskiego Street, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.

出版信息

Materials (Basel). 2022 Jul 18;15(14):4992. doi: 10.3390/ma15144992.

DOI:10.3390/ma15144992
PMID:35888459
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9320627/
Abstract

The article presents research on ergonomics, biophysical comfort and safety of protective clothing. The resistance of the structural, thermal and mechanical properties of five fabrics (CBXS400, GG200T, Twaron CT736, Dyneema HB26 and T1790C), differing in geometry and raw material composition used in space suits, to dangerous ionizing radiation (β and γ) occurring in space was tested. For both types of radiation, four identical one-time doses in the range of 25-100 kGy were used. The effect of the applied absorbed doses of β and γ radiation on the parameters of textiles influencing ergonomics and safety of the cosmonaut's work was verified by structural tests (micro-computed tomography and optical microcopy), thermal resistance tests (sweating guarded-hotplate) and strength tests (tensile testing machine). Experimental studies of thermal properties are supplemented with heat transport simulations using the finite volume method performed with 3D models of real textiles. The greatest reduction of thermal resistance for Twaron CT736 (-0.0667 m·°C·W for 100 kGy of β-radiation) and Dyneema HB26 (-0.0347 m·°C·W for 50 kGy of β-radiation) is observed. Strength tests have shown that all tested textiles are resistant to both types of radiation. Three textiles were selected to create a three-layer assembly with potential application in a cosmonaut's glove (Extravehicular Activity-EVA).

摘要

本文介绍了防护服的人体工程学、生物物理舒适性和安全性方面的研究。测试了五种用于太空服的织物（CBXS400、GG200T、Twaron CT736、Dyneema HB26和T1790C），它们在几何形状和原材料组成上有所不同，对太空中存在的危险电离辐射（β和γ）的结构、热和机械性能的抗性。对于这两种辐射，使用了25-100 kGy范围内的四个相同的一次性剂量。通过结构测试（微计算机断层扫描和光学显微镜）、热阻测试（发汗式防护热板）和强度测试（拉伸试验机），验证了所施加的β和γ辐射吸收剂量对影响宇航员工作的人体工程学和安全性的纺织品参数的影响。热性能的实验研究辅以使用有限体积法对真实纺织品的3D模型进行的热传输模拟。观察到Twaron CT736（100 kGy的β辐射下热阻降低0.0667 m·°C·W）和Dyneema HB26（50 kGy的β辐射下热阻降低0.0347 m·°C·W）的热阻降低最大。强度测试表明，所有测试的纺织品都对这两种辐射具有抗性。选择了三种纺织品来制作一个三层组件，有可能应用于宇航员的手套（舱外活动-EVA）。

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