The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China.
Molecules. 2022 Jul 6;27(14):4339. doi: 10.3390/molecules27144339.
The extraction of active constituents from natural sources in a green and efficient manner is considered an important field in the pharmaceutical industry. In recent years, deep eutectic solvents (DESs), a new type of green solvent, have attracted increasing attention. Therefore, we aimed to establish a green and high-efficiency extraction method for ginsenosides based on DESs. This study takes as a model sample. Eighteen different DESs were produced to extract polar ginsenosides. Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was applied for simplicity and efficiency. A binary DES synthesized using choline chloride and urea at a proportion of 1:2 prepared by a heating stirring method is proven to be more effective than other solvents, such as the widely used 70% ethanol for the extraction of ginsenosides. Three variables that might affect the extraction, including the DES content in the extraction solvent, liquid/solid ratio, and ultrasound extraction time, were evaluated for optimization. The optimum extraction conditions for ginsenosides were determined as follows: DES water content of 20 wt%, liquid/solid ratio of 15 mL g, and an ultrasonic extraction time of 15 min. The extraction yield for the optimized method is found to be 31% higher than that for 70% ethanol, which achieves efficient extraction. This study shows that DESs are available to extract ginsenosides for use in traditional Chinese medicine. The discovery also contributes to further research into the green extraction of ginsenosides.
以绿色、高效的方式从天然资源中提取有效成分被认为是制药行业的一个重要领域。近年来，深共晶溶剂（DESs）作为一种新型绿色溶剂，受到了越来越多的关注。因此，我们旨在建立一种基于 DESs 的绿色、高效的人参皂苷提取方法。本研究以[具体化合物名称]为模型样品。共制备了 18 种不同的 DESs 来提取极性人参皂苷。采用超声辅助提取（UAE）以提高效率和简化操作。通过加热搅拌法合成的一种比例为 1:2 的氯化胆碱和尿素组成的二元 DES 被证明比其他溶剂（如广泛使用的 70%乙醇）更有效地提取人参皂苷。考察了三个可能影响提取的变量，包括提取溶剂中的 DES 含量、液固比和超声提取时间，以进行优化。确定了最佳的人参皂苷提取条件如下：DES 水含量为 20wt%，液固比为 15mL/g，超声提取时间为 15min。优化方法的提取收率比 70%乙醇高 31%，实现了高效提取。本研究表明 DESs 可用于提取用于中药的人参皂苷。这一发现也有助于进一步研究人参皂苷的绿色提取。
