Yu S W, Sether L, Haughton V M
Radiology. 1987 Jul;164(1):79-82. doi: 10.1148/radiology.164.1.3588930.
An analysis of the cervical facet joint menisci was done in which cryomicrotomy sections were correlated with magnetic resonance (MR) images. In parasagittal anatomic sections in ten cadavers, 10-69 years of age at death, four types of meniscus were defined. Type 1 was a thin washer of dense connective tissue covering 50% or more of the joint space. Type 2 in sagittal section appeared as a wedge of connective tissue containing collagen in the tapering free edge and fat in the peripheral portion attached to the joint capsule. Type 3 had no meniscuslike connective tissue extending into the joint. Type 4 had irregular, thick masses of collagen, fat, and cartilage in the periphery of the joint space. Menisci in the child were predominantly type 1. In adults type 2 menisci predominated at C1-2 and type 3 in the lower cervical facet joints. The few type 4 menisci found were in association with facet joint degeneration. Types 2 and 4 menisci could be demonstrated with MR imaging. In MR images the collagenous portion of the menisci were of low signal intensity, and the fat was of higher signal intensity. Few menisci conform to the traditional anatomic description.
对颈椎小关节半月板进行了分析，其中将冷冻切片与磁共振（MR）图像进行了对比。在10具死亡时年龄在10至69岁的尸体的矢状旁解剖切片中，确定了四种类型的半月板。1型是覆盖50%或更多关节间隙的致密结缔组织薄垫圈。矢状面切片中的2型表现为结缔组织楔，其逐渐变细的游离边缘含有胶原蛋白，周边部分附着于关节囊的含有脂肪。3型没有半月板样结缔组织延伸至关节内。4型在关节间隙周边有不规则的、厚的胶原、脂肪和软骨团块。儿童的半月板主要为1型。在成年人中，2型半月板在C1-2处占主导，3型在颈椎下部小关节中占主导。发现的少数4型半月板与小关节退变相关。2型和4型半月板可通过MR成像显示。在MR图像中，半月板的胶原部分呈低信号强度，脂肪呈高信号强度。很少有半月板符合传统的解剖描述。
