Jacobs C J, Harnsberger H R, Lufkin R B, Osborn A G, Smoker W R, Parkin J L
Radiology. 1987 Jul;164(1):97-102. doi: 10.1148/radiology.164.1.3588933.
The vagus nerve, as a result of its protracted course from the brain stem to the abdomen, can present a difficult imaging problem when it is compromised by a clinically occult lesion. The clinical and radiologic records of 48 patients with suspected vagus nerve dysfunction were reviewed to derive an efficient and effective approach to imaging this patient population. An imaging algorithm is proposed in which vagal neuropathies are divided both clinically and radiologically into proximal and distal categories. Proximal vagal lesions are part of a cranial neuropathy complex and have associated oropharyngeal signs and symptoms (e.g., abnormal gag reflex, uvular deviation). Distal vagal lesions occur as an isolated paralysis of the vagus nerve with no symptoms or signs referable to the oropharynx. Either computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging can be used to diagnose proximal or distal lesions. However, CT will be insensitive in the detection of the more cephalic proximal lesions, especially those in the brain stem, basal cisterns, and skull base.
迷走神经从脑干延伸至腹部，行程较长，当它受到临床隐匿性病变影响时，可能会带来成像难题。回顾了48例疑似迷走神经功能障碍患者的临床和放射学记录，以得出针对该患者群体的有效成像方法。提出了一种成像算法，根据该算法，迷走神经病变在临床和放射学上都可分为近端和远端两类。近端迷走神经病变是颅神经病变复合体的一部分，伴有口咽症状和体征（如异常咽反射、悬雍垂偏斜）。远端迷走神经病变表现为迷走神经单独麻痹，无口咽相关症状或体征。计算机断层扫描（CT）或磁共振成像均可用于诊断近端或远端病变。然而，CT对更靠近头部的近端病变，尤其是脑干、脑基底池和颅底的病变检测不敏感。
