College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.
College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.
J Appl Microbiol. 2022 Oct;133(4):2642-2654. doi: 10.1111/jam.15733. Epub 2022 Aug 16.
The current study aimed to determine the chemical compositions of ginger extract (GE) and to assess the antibacterial activities of GE against the ginger bacterial wilt pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum and to screen their mechanisms of action.
A total of 393 compounds were identified by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography and tandem-mass spectrometry. The antibacterial test indicated that GE had strong antibacterial activity against R. solanacearum and that the bactericidal effect exhibited a dose-dependent manner. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of R. solanacearum were 3.91 and 125 mg/ml, respectively. The cell membrane permeability and integrity of R. solanacearum were destroyed by GE, resulting in cell content leakage, such as electrolytes, nucleic acids, proteins, extracellular adenosine triphosphate and exopoly saccharides. In addition, the activity of cellular succinate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase of R. solanacearum decreased gradually with an increase in the GE concentration. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that GE treatment changed the morphology of the R. solanacearum cells. Further experiments demonstrated that GE delayed or slowed the occurrence of bacterial wilt on ginger.
GE has a significant antibacterial effect on R. solanacearum, and the antibacterial effect is concentration dependent. The GE treatments changed the morphology, destroyed membrane permeability and integrity, reduced key enzyme activity and inhibit the synthesis of the virulence factor EPS of R. solanacearum. GE significantly controlled the bacterial wilt of ginger during infection.
This research provides insight into the antimicrobial mechanism of GE against R. solanacearum, which will open a new application field for GE.
本研究旨在确定生姜提取物（GE）的化学成分，并评估 GE 对生姜青枯病病原菌茄青枯雷尔氏菌的抗菌活性，筛选其作用机制。
采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法共鉴定出 393 种化合物。抗菌试验表明，GE 对 R. solanacearum 具有较强的抗菌活性，且杀菌效果呈剂量依赖性。R. solanacearum 的最小抑菌浓度和最小杀菌浓度分别为 3.91 和 125mg/ml。GE 破坏了 R. solanacearum 的细胞膜通透性和完整性，导致细胞内容物泄漏，如电解质、核酸、蛋白质、细胞外三磷酸腺苷和胞外多糖。此外，R. solanacearum 的细胞琥珀酸脱氢酶和碱性磷酸酶活性随着 GE 浓度的增加而逐渐降低。扫描电子显微镜分析表明，GE 处理改变了 R. solanacearum 细胞的形态。进一步的实验表明，GE 延迟或减缓了生姜青枯病的发生。
GE 对 R. solanacearum 具有显著的抗菌作用，且抗菌效果呈浓度依赖性。GE 处理改变了形态，破坏了膜通透性和完整性，降低了关键酶活性，抑制了 R. solanacearum 毒力因子 EPS 的合成。GE 在感染过程中显著控制了生姜青枯病。
本研究深入了解了 GE 对 R. solanacearum 的抗菌机制，为 GE 在农业领域的应用开辟了新的前景。
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