Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
J Food Biochem. 2022 Oct;46(10):e14324. doi: 10.1111/jfbc.14324. Epub 2022 Jul 27.
Avenanthramides are phenolic compounds unique to oats and may contribute to health-promoting properties associated with oat consumption. This study used Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing the glucose transporters, glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) or sodium-glucose transport protein 1 (SGLT1) and human Caco-2 cells models to investigate the effect of oat avenanthramides on human intestinal glucose transporters. The presence of avenanthramide reduced the glucose uptake in a dose-dependent manner in Caco-2 cells. Glucose uptake in oocytes expressing either GLUT2 or SGLT1 was nullified by oat avenanthramide. There was no significant difference between the inhibition potencies of avenanthramides C and B. Thus, our results suggest that avenanthramides may contribute to the antidiabetic properties of oats. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The present research focus on the antidiabetic properties of avenanthramides, which are unique phenolic compounds found in oats. Inhibiting the activities of the glucose transport proteins expressed in the small intestine is a known strategy to improve the control of postprandial glucose level. We therefore examined the inhibitory effects of avenanthramides on two glucose transporters, glucose transporter 2 and sodium-glucose transport protein 1, predominantly found in the small intestine using the human small intestinal cell model Caco-2 cell line and by heterologously expressing these two transporters in the Xenopus laevis oocytes. Based on our results, we have confirmed for the first time that the glucose uptake is indeed inhibited by the presence of avenanthramides, suggesting the possibility of incorporating avenanthramides in foods to enhance postprandial glucose response, and ultimately improve the management of diabetes. Therefore, future research could consider utilizing this evidence in the development of diabetic-friendly functional foods or nutraceuticals containing avenanthramides.
燕麦酚是燕麦特有的酚类化合物，可能有助于促进与燕麦消费相关的健康特性。本研究使用表达葡萄糖转运体葡萄糖转运蛋白 2 (GLUT2) 或钠-葡萄糖转运蛋白 1 (SGLT1) 的非洲爪蟾卵母细胞和人 Caco-2 细胞模型，研究燕麦酚对人肠道葡萄糖转运体的影响。燕麦酚的存在以剂量依赖的方式降低 Caco-2 细胞中的葡萄糖摄取。燕麦酚使表达 GLUT2 或 SGLT1 的卵母细胞中的葡萄糖摄取无效。 avenanthramide C 和 B 的抑制效力没有显著差异。因此，我们的结果表明，avenanthramide 可能有助于燕麦的抗糖尿病特性。 实际应用：本研究的重点是燕麦酚的抗糖尿病特性，燕麦酚是燕麦中特有的酚类化合物。抑制小肠中表达的葡萄糖转运蛋白的活性是改善餐后血糖控制的已知策略。因此，我们使用人小肠细胞模型 Caco-2 细胞系和异源表达这些两种转运蛋白在非洲爪蟾卵母细胞中，检查了 avenanthramide 对两种葡萄糖转运蛋白，葡萄糖转运蛋白 2 和钠-葡萄糖转运蛋白 1 的抑制作用。根据我们的结果，我们首次证实了 avenanthramide 的存在确实抑制了葡萄糖摄取，这表明有可能将 avenanthramide 掺入食物中以增强餐后血糖反应，并最终改善糖尿病的管理。因此，未来的研究可以考虑在含有 avenanthramide 的糖尿病友好型功能性食品或营养保健品的开发中利用这一证据。
