Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Great Neck, New York, USA.
Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2022 Sep 1;31(5):435-441. doi: 10.1097/MNH.0000000000000824. Epub 2022 Jul 15.
Among the many difficult symptoms that patients with kidney disease experience, pruritus is one of the most frequent and troubling. Because a substantial amount of new information has accumulated, we seek here to review the subject.
Pruritus is not only a common problematic symptom among patients with kidney disease, but its considerably more frequent than nephrologists recognize. The result for patients is not just uncomfortable itch but degraded quality of life as well. The pathogenesis is increasingly understood, but many aspects remain to be fully resolved. Importantly, research is progressing on treatment, leading to the first approved medication in the United States, difelikefalin, in August, 2021.
As nephrology is progressing to a greater focus on patient symptoms, recognition of the importance of pruritus has led to increased interest and improved diagnosis and treatment options.
在肾病患者所经历的诸多不适症状中，瘙痒是最常见且最令人困扰的症状之一。由于大量新信息不断涌现，我们在此对该主题进行综述。
瘙痒不仅是肾病患者常见且棘手的问题之一，而且其发病率远高于肾病医生的认知。其后果不仅是令人不适的瘙痒，还会导致生活质量下降。其发病机制已得到进一步的了解，但仍有许多方面尚未完全阐明。重要的是，瘙痒的治疗研究正在取得进展，导致美国于 2021 年 8 月批准了首款药物——度他雄胺。
随着肾脏病学越来越关注患者的症状，人们对瘙痒重要性的认识不断提高，这也促使人们对其产生了更大的兴趣，并改善了其诊断和治疗选择。
