Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioética, Ética Aplicada e Saúde Coletiva, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. R. São Francisco Xavier 524, Maracanã, Bloco E, 7º andar. 20550-01 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.
Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.
Cien Saude Colet. 2022 Aug;27(8):3079-3090. doi: 10.1590/1413-81232022278.03102022. Epub 2022 Apr 6.
The use of misoprostol for abortifacient purposes is a phenomenon observed in Brazil since the late 1980s. The drug started to be used at that time for self-induced abortion, when it began to be commercialized for the treatment of peptic ulcer. Its access was restricted from 1998 onwards, but the drug continues to be commercialized illegally. The objective of this article is to summarize the knowledge produced by research in Brazil about induced abortion and the use of misoprostol. An integrative review of original studies carried out in Brazil and published in journals indexed in SciELO, PubMed and Lilacs databases was performed. The search found 68 titles, and 28 articles were included in the review. Most women who induced pregnancy interruption were young and did it before 15 gestational weeks. The rate of misoprostol use ranged from 89% to 36%. This drug is effective for terminating pregnancy in the first trimester and has a low rate of complications. However, the more socially vulnerable the woman is, the greater are the health risks in the abortion process. The conclusion is that the purchase of misoprostol as an abortifacient is facilitated, despite it being prohibited, and its complications are associated with the context of vulnerability of the pregnant woman.
米索前列醇被用于终止妊娠是巴西自 20 世纪 80 年代末以来观察到的一种现象。当时，该药开始被用于自行堕胎，当时它开始商业化用于治疗消化性溃疡。从 1998 年起，该药的使用受到限制，但仍在非法销售。本文的目的是总结巴西在诱导性流产和米索前列醇使用方面的研究成果。对巴西在 SciELO、PubMed 和 Lilacs 数据库索引期刊上发表的原始研究进行了综合评价。检索发现了 68 个标题，其中 28 篇文章被纳入综述。大多数进行妊娠中断的妇女都很年轻，且在妊娠 15 周前进行。米索前列醇的使用率从 89%到 36%不等。这种药物在终止妊娠的前三个月非常有效，并且并发症的发生率较低。然而，妇女的社会脆弱性越大，堕胎过程中的健康风险就越大。结论是，尽管米索前列醇被禁止用于堕胎，但购买它作为堕胎药的行为仍然很容易，其并发症与孕妇的脆弱背景有关。
